五、持續(xù)推進民生改善和社會建設(shè)
  　V. Making Sustained Efforts to Improve Living Standards and Promote Social Development

　　立國之道，惟在富民。要以增進民生福祉為目的，加快發(fā)展社會事業(yè)，改革完善收入分配制度，千方百計增加居民收入，促進社會公平正義與和諧進步。
　　The only way to build a country is to enrich its people. With increasing people's quality of life as our objective, we will accelerate the development of social programs, reform and improve the income distribution system, do everything possible to increase people's incomes, and promote social equity, justice, harmony, and progress.

　　著力促進創(chuàng)業(yè)就業(yè)。堅持就業(yè)優(yōu)先，以創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動就業(yè)。今年高校畢業(yè)生749萬人，為歷史最高。要加強就業(yè)指導和創(chuàng)業(yè)教育，落實高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)促進計劃，鼓勵到基層就業(yè)。實施好大學生創(chuàng)業(yè)引領(lǐng)計劃，支持到新興產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)。
　　We will work hard to promote business development and increase employment. We will continue to give top priority to employment and the creation of jobs by encouraging entrepreneurship. This year, the number of college graduates will reach 7.49 million, a record high. We need to strengthen employment guidance and education on starting up in business; implement the plan to help college graduates find jobs and encourage them to look to the community level to find employment; and carry out the plan to guide university students toward starting their own businesses and support them in creating start-ups in emerging industries.

　　做好結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、過剩產(chǎn)能化解中失業(yè)人員的再就業(yè)工作。統(tǒng)籌農(nóng)村轉(zhuǎn)移勞動力、城鎮(zhèn)困難人員、退役軍人就業(yè)，實施農(nóng)民工職業(yè)技能提升計劃，落實和完善失業(yè)保險支持企業(yè)穩(wěn)定就業(yè)崗位政策。全面治理拖欠農(nóng)民工工資問題，健全勞動監(jiān)察和爭議處理機制，讓法律成為勞動者權(quán)益的守護神。
　　We will work to help people who have lost their jobs due to structural adjustments or measures to address overcapacity to find new employment, and coordinate efforts to ensure employment can be found for people who move from rural to urban areas to find work, vulnerable urban residents who have difficulty finding jobs, and decommissioned military personnel. We will put into effect the plan on providing vocational training for migrant workers, and implement and improve the unemployment insurance policy on supporting enterprises that keep people in their jobs. We will draw on comprehensive governance to deal with the "missing" or delayed wages of migrant workers, improve the mechanisms for supervising the handling of labor issues and disputes, and ensure the law fully functions as the protector of the rights and interests of anyone in employment.

　　加強社會保障和增加居民收入。
  　We will strengthen social security and increase individual income.

　　企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金標準提高10%。城鄉(xiāng)居民基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金標準統(tǒng)一由55元提高到70元。推進城鎮(zhèn)職工基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金全國統(tǒng)籌。降低失業(yè)保險、工傷保險等繳費率。完善最低工資標準調(diào)整機制。落實機關(guān)事業(yè)單位養(yǎng)老保險制度改革措施，同步完善工資制度，對基層工作人員給予政策傾斜。在縣以下機關(guān)建立公務(wù)員職務(wù)和職級并行制度。加強重特大疾病醫(yī)療救助，全面實施臨時救助制度，讓遇到急難特困的群眾求助有門、受助及時。
　　The basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees will be increased by 10%. The monthly basic pension benefits for rural and non-working urban residents will be uniformly raised from 55 yuan to 70 yuan per person. We will work to place the basic pensions of workers in urban areas under unified national management. The premiums will be lowered for insurance schemes such as the unemployment insurance scheme and the workplace injury insurance scheme. We will improve the mechanism for adjusting minimum wages. We will take steps to reform the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions and at the same time improve their pay systems, and we will make policies weighted toward benefiting government and Party employees at the community level. A system will be instituted under which public servants of Party and government offices at and below the county level can be promoted in terms of both their post and their rank, and are paid accordingly.

　　對困境兒童、高齡和失能老人、重度和貧困殘疾人等特困群體，健全福利保障制度和服務(wù)體系。繼續(xù)提高城鄉(xiāng)低保水平，提升優(yōu)撫對象撫恤和生活補助標準。提高工資和保障標準等政策受益面廣，各級政府一定要落實到位。民之疾苦，國之要事，我們要竭盡全力，堅決把民生底線兜住兜牢。
　　We will increase aid for treating major and serious diseases and implement the temporary-assistance scheme nationwide so that people with urgent or special needs will have somewhere to go for support, and will be able to get that support straight away. We will develop sound welfare and service systems for vulnerable groups including children living in difficult circumstances, the very elderly, elderly people with disabilities, people with serious disabilities, and people with disabilities who are living in poverty. We will continue to raise subsistence allowances for rural and urban residents and increase benefits and living allowances for entitled groups. Policies for increasing wages and social security benefits have a bearing on a great number of people; their implementation by governments at all levels must be completely satisfactory. Ensuring people's wellbeing is a top priority for the government, and we must do all we can to make sure that basic needs are met.

　　促進教育公平發(fā)展和質(zhì)量提升。
　　We will promote fair access to and strengthen the quality of education.

　　教育是今天的事業(yè)、明天的希望。要堅持立德樹人，增強學生的社會責任感、創(chuàng)新精神、實踐能力，培養(yǎng)中國特色社會主義建設(shè)者和接班人。深化省級政府教育統(tǒng)籌改革、高等院校綜合改革和考試招生制度改革。
　　Education is an endeavor for today, but a source of hope for tomorrow. We need to foster virtue through education and ensure that students develop a strong sense of social responsibility, innovative thinking, and an ability to put ideas into practice. We should ensure that students strengthen their dedication to socialism with Chinese characteristics. We will deepen the reform to expand the responsibility of provincial-level governments over local education, the comprehensive reform of colleges and universities, as well as the reform of the school examination and enrollment systems.

　　加快義務(wù)教育學校標準化建設(shè)，改善薄弱學校和寄宿制學?；巨k學條件。落實農(nóng)民工隨遷子女在流入地接受義務(wù)教育政策，完善后續(xù)升學政策。
　　We will move more quickly to help all schools providing compulsory education to meet standards, and improve basic conditions in boarding schools and schools that are poorly built and operated. We will implement the policy of enabling the children of migrant workers to receive compulsory education in the cities and towns where they and their parents live and improve policies that enable them to continue on into secondary and college education.

　　全面推進現(xiàn)代職業(yè)教育體系建設(shè)。引導部分地方本科高校向應(yīng)用型轉(zhuǎn)變，通過對口支援等方式支持中西部高等教育發(fā)展，繼續(xù)提高中西部地區(qū)和人口大省高考錄取率。建設(shè)世界一流大學和一流學科。
  　We will work to comprehensively promote the development of a modern vocational education system. We will guide a number of local undergraduate institutions to transform themselves into applied colleges. We will support the development of higher education in the central and western regions by offering them assistance through pairing programs, and continue to raise the admission rate for those taking the college entrance exams in the central and western regions and in provinces with larger populations. We will work to develop world-class universities and disciplines.

　　加強特殊教育、學前教育、繼續(xù)教育和民族地區(qū)各類教育。促進民辦教育健康發(fā)展。為切實把教育事業(yè)辦好，我們要保證投入，花好每一分錢，暢通農(nóng)村和貧困地區(qū)學子縱向流動的渠道，讓每個人都有機會通過教育改變自身命運。
　　We will strengthen education for those with special learning needs, preschool education, continuing education, and all types of education in areas with concentrations of ethnic minorities. We will work to promote the healthy development of privately run educational institutions. In order to provide good education, we must guarantee funding and ensure that every yuan is well spent. We should clear any obstructions to upwards mobility for students from rural or poor areas, and ensure that each and every person has the opportunity to change their life through education.

　　加快健全基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生制度。
　　We will work more quickly to improve the basic medical and healthcare systems.

　　完善城鄉(xiāng)居民基本醫(yī)保，財政補助標準由每人每年320元提高到380元，基本實現(xiàn)居民醫(yī)療費用省內(nèi)直接結(jié)算，穩(wěn)步推行退休人員醫(yī)療費用跨省直接結(jié)算。全面實施城鄉(xiāng)居民大病保險制度。
　　We will improve basic medical insurance for rural and non-working urban residents, and increase the annual government subsidy for this insurance from 320 yuan to 380 yuan per person. We will basically complete the task of enabling on-the-spot settlement of medical expenses incurred anywhere within the provincial-level administrative area where one's insurance is registered, and steadily work toward enabling retirees to have their medical expenses settled on the spot in whichever provincial-level administrative area they are living. We will fully implement the major disease insurance scheme for rural and non-working urban residents.

　　深化基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機構(gòu)綜合改革，加強全科醫(yī)生制度建設(shè)，完善分級診療體系。全面推開縣級公立醫(yī)院綜合改革，在100個地級以上城市進行公立醫(yī)院改革試點，破除以藥補醫(yī)，降低虛高藥價，合理調(diào)整醫(yī)療服務(wù)價格，通過醫(yī)保支付等方式平衡費用，努力減輕群眾負擔。
　　We will work to deepen the comprehensive reform of community-level medical and healthcare institutions, strengthen the general practitioner system, and improve the system of tiered diagnosis and treatment. We will fully implement the comprehensive reform of county-level public hospitals, and trial public hospital reform in 100 cities at or above the prefecture level. We will put a stop to the practice of charging more for medicines to make up for low prices for medical services, lower extortionate prices on medicines, make appropriate adjustments to medical service prices, and take measures such as reforming medical insurance payouts to control costs of medical services, thereby lightening the burden that medical expenses place on people.

　　鼓勵醫(yī)生到基層多點執(zhí)業(yè)，發(fā)展社會辦醫(yī)。開展省級深化醫(yī)改綜合試點。加快建立醫(yī)療糾紛預防調(diào)解機制。人均基本公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)經(jīng)費補助標準由35元提高到40元，增量全部用于支付村醫(yī)的基本公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)，方便幾億農(nóng)民就地就近看病就醫(yī)。
　　We will encourage doctors to practice in community-level clinics in addition to their regular practice and help the development of nongovernmental hospitals. We will launch comprehensive pilot projects for deepening medical reform at the provincial level. We will move faster in setting up mechanisms for preempting and mediating medical disputes. We will increase the annual subsidy for government expenditures on basic public health services from 35 yuan to 40 yuan per capita, with the entire additional sum to be used for paying for rural doctors to provide basic public health services; this will allow large numbers of rural residents to enjoy better access to local medical services.

　　加強重大疾病防控。積極發(fā)展中醫(yī)藥和民族醫(yī)藥事業(yè)。推進計劃生育服務(wù)管理改革。健康是群眾的基本需求，我們要不斷提高醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生水平，打造健康中國。
　　We will strengthen the prevention and control of major diseases. We will actively develop traditional Chinese medicine and the traditional medicine of ethnic minorities, and advance the reform of family planning services and the way they are managed. Good health is a basic public necessity, so we must work consistently to raise the standard of medical and healthcare services to create a healthy China.

　　讓人民群眾享有更多文化發(fā)展成果。
　　We will enable people to enjoy more of the fruits of cultural development.

　　文化是民族的精神命脈和創(chuàng)造源泉。要踐行社會主義核心價值觀，弘揚中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化。繁榮發(fā)展哲學社會科學，發(fā)展文學藝術(shù)、新聞出版、廣播影視、檔案等事業(yè)，重視文物、非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)保護。
　　Culture is the lifeblood of a nation and a source of innovation. We will put into practice core socialist values and promote fine traditional Chinese culture. We will encourage philosophy and the social sciences to flourish and promote the development of literature and art; the press and publishing; radio, television, and film; archiving; and other cultural programs. We will work to protect cultural relics and intangible cultural heritage.

　　提供更多優(yōu)秀文藝作品，倡導全民閱讀，建設(shè)書香社會。逐步推進基本公共文化服務(wù)標準化均等化，擴大公共文化設(shè)施免費開放范圍，發(fā)揮基層綜合性文化服務(wù)中心作用。
　　We will ensure that more outstanding works of literature and art are created for the people to enjoy, and encourage a love of reading in all our people to build a nation of avid readers. We will make steady progress in providing basic public cultural services in a standard and equitable way, allow free admission to more public cultural facilities, and ensure multipurpose cultural service centers play a key role in local communities.

　　深化文化體制改革，促進傳統(tǒng)媒體與新興媒體融合發(fā)展。拓展中外人文交流，加強國際傳播能力建設(shè)。發(fā)展全民健身、競技體育和體育產(chǎn)業(yè)，做好2022年冬奧會申辦工作。
　　We will deepen the structural reform of the cultural sector and promote the integrated development of traditional and emerging media. We will expand cultural exchanges with other countries and improve our ability to communicate effectively with international audiences. We will develop public fitness programs, competitive sports, and the sports industry, and work toward putting in a strong bid to host the 2022 Winter Olympics.

　　加強和創(chuàng)新社會治理。
　　We will strengthen and make innovations in social governance.

　　深化社會組織管理制度改革，加快行業(yè)協(xié)會商會與行政機關(guān)脫鉤。支持群團組織依法參與社會治理，發(fā)展專業(yè)社會工作、志愿服務(wù)和慈善事業(yè)。鼓勵社會力量興辦養(yǎng)老設(shè)施，發(fā)展社區(qū)和居家養(yǎng)老。
　　We will deepen reform of the management of social organizations, and accelerate efforts to untie industry associations and chambers of commerce from any connections they may have with the government. We will support the participation of popular organizations in social governance in accordance with the law. We will develop specialized social work, volunteer services, and charities. We will encourage the opening of nongovernmental elderly care facilities, and develop community-based and at-home elderly care.

　　為農(nóng)村留守兒童、婦女、老人提供關(guān)愛服務(wù)，建立未成年人社會保護制度。提高公共突發(fā)事件防范處置和防災(zāi)救災(zāi)減災(zāi)能力。做好地震、氣象、測繪、地質(zhì)等工作。
　　We will provide support and services for children, women, and older people who remain in rural areas while their family members move to work in urban areas, and establish a system of social protection for minors. We will improve our ability to prevent and handle public emergencies and to prevent, respond to, and mitigate disasters. We will ensure that work in seismology, meteorology, surveying, mapping, and geology is all carried out to good effect.

　　深入開展法治宣傳教育，加強人民調(diào)解工作，完善法律援助制度，落實重大決策社會穩(wěn)定風險評估機制，有效預防和化解社會矛盾。把信訪納入法治軌道，及時就地解決群眾合理訴求。
　　We will make intensive efforts to increase public awareness of the rule of law, improve the effectiveness of people's mediation, and improve the system of legal aid. We will ensure that potential risks which major policy decisions may pose to social stability are fully assessed so as to effectively prevent and resolve social conflicts. We will ensure that the handling of public complaints filed through letters and visits is brought into line with the rule of law, and see to it that all justified complaints and demands are resolved promptly and locally.

　　深化平安中國建設(shè)，健全立體化社會治安防控體系，依法懲治暴恐、黃賭毒、邪教、走私等犯罪行為，發(fā)展和規(guī)范網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間，確保國家安全和公共安全。人的生命最為寶貴，要采取更堅決措施，全方位強化安全生產(chǎn)，全過程保障食品藥品安全。
　　We will uphold law and order in China; improve the multidimensional system for crime prevention and control; punish violent terrorism, pornography, gambling, drug abuse and trafficking, cult activity, smuggling, and other crimes in accordance with the law; develop and regulate cyberspace; and ensure national and public security. Life is priceless; we must take stronger measures to ensure workplace safety in all fields, and ensure food and medicine safety throughout the production process.

　　打好節(jié)能減排和環(huán)境治理攻堅戰(zhàn)。
　　We will fight to win the battle of conserving energy, reducing emissions, and improving the environment.

　　環(huán)境污染是民生之患、民心之痛，要鐵腕治理。今年，二氧化碳排放強度要降低3.1%以上，化學需氧量、氨氮排放都要減少2%左右，二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放要分別減少3%左右和5%左右。
　　Environmental pollution is a blight on people's quality of life and a trouble that weighs on their hearts. We must fight it with all our might. This year, we will cut the intensity of carbon dioxide by at least 3.1%, reduce both chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen emissions by around 2%, and reduce emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides by around 3% and 5% respectively.

　　深入實施大氣污染防治行動計劃，實行區(qū)域聯(lián)防聯(lián)控，推動燃煤電廠超低排放改造，促進重點區(qū)域煤炭消費零增長。
　　We will fully implement the action plan for preventing and controlling air pollution; carry out coordinated inter-regional prevention and control efforts; upgrade coal-burning power plants to achieve ultra-low emissions; and strive for zero-growth in the consumption of coal in key areas of the country.

　　推廣新能源汽車，治理機動車尾氣，提高油品標準和質(zhì)量，在重點區(qū)域內(nèi)重點城市全面供應(yīng)國五標準車用汽柴油。2005年底前注冊營運的黃標車要全部淘汰。
　　We will promote the use of new-energy vehicles, reduce vehicle exhaust emissions, raise the national production standards for and improve the quality of fuel, and provide motor gasoline and diesel fuel that meets National-V standards to all key cities in key areas. We will remove from the roads all high-emission commercial vehicles registered before the end of 2005.

　　積極應(yīng)對氣候變化，擴大碳排放權(quán)交易試點。實施水污染防治行動計劃，加強江河湖海水污染、水污染源和農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染治理，實行從水源地到水龍頭全過程監(jiān)管。
　　We will actively respond to climate change and expand the trials for trading carbon emissions rights. We will implement the action plan for preventing and controlling water pollution; strengthen control over pollution in rivers, lakes, seas, water pollution sources, and pollution from nonpoint agricultural sources; and ensure the safety of drinking water by carrying out oversight over the whole process, from the source to the tap.

　　推行環(huán)境污染第三方治理。做好環(huán)保稅立法工作。我們一定要嚴格環(huán)境執(zhí)法，對偷排偷放者出重拳，讓其付出沉重的代價；對姑息縱容者嚴問責，使其受到應(yīng)有的處罰。
　　We will introduce third party governance in the handling of environmental pollution. We will work on the legislation for environmental protection tax. We must strictly enforce environmental laws and regulations; crack down on those guilty of creating illegal emissions and ensure they pay a heavy price for such offenses; and hold those who allow illegal emissions to account, punishing them accordingly.

　　能源生產(chǎn)和消費革命，關(guān)乎發(fā)展與民生。要大力發(fā)展風電、光伏發(fā)電、生物質(zhì)能，積極發(fā)展水電，安全發(fā)展核電，開發(fā)利用頁巖氣、煤層氣。
　　Revolution in energy generation and consumption is vital to any country's development and to the wellbeing of its people. In China, we will put great weight behind the development of wind power, photovoltaic power, and biomass energy, work actively to develop hydropower, stress safety in developing nuclear power, and exploit and utilize shale gas and coal seam gas.

　　控制能源消費總量，加強工業(yè)、交通、建筑等重點領(lǐng)域節(jié)能。積極發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟，大力推進工業(yè)廢物和生活垃圾資源化利用。我國節(jié)能環(huán)保市場潛力巨大，要把節(jié)能環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)打造成新興的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)。
　　We will set a ceiling on total energy consumption and strengthen energy conservation in key areas such as manufacturing, transportation, and construction. We will work hard to develop a circular economy and promote the recovery of resources from industrial and household waste. There is enormous potential in China's market for energy conservation and environmental protection; we will develop the energy conservation and environmental protection industry into a new pillar of the economy.

　　森林草原、江河濕地是大自然賜予人類的綠色財富，必須倍加珍惜。要推進重大生態(tài)工程建設(shè)，拓展重點生態(tài)功能區(qū)，辦好生態(tài)文明先行示范區(qū)，開展國土江河綜合整治試點，擴大流域上下游橫向補償機制試點，保護好三江源。擴大天然林保護范圍，有序停止天然林商業(yè)性采伐。今年新增退耕還林還草1000萬畝，造林9000萬畝。
　　Forests, grasslands, rivers, and wetlands are ecological riches and gifts of nature that we must take greater care to cherish. We will carry out major ecological projects; extend key eco-function zones; work to establish zones that demonstrate best practices for promoting a sound ecology; carry out pilot projects to improve the overall condition of rivers; expand the trial of having localities situated on the upper and lower reaches of river basins compensate each other for their impact on water quality; and ensure the sources of the Yangtze, Yellow, and Lancang rivers are effectively preserved. We will expand the areas of natural forests under protection, and work in a planned way to put a stop to commercial logging in these forests. This year, we will return an additional 666,667 hectares of marginal farmland back to forest or grassland, and afforest 6 million more hectares of land.

　　生態(tài)環(huán)保貴在行動、成在堅持，我們必須緊抓不松勁，一定要實現(xiàn)藍天常在、綠水長流、永續(xù)發(fā)展。
　　In ecological protection, progress comes only through action, and success only through persistence. We must take a firm and unrelenting approach in this work, to ensure we always have blue skies, lucid waters, and sustainable development.