就像中國人一定會準備豐盛的年夜飯一樣，在那些有著圣誕節傳統的國家，人們也會在過節時準備各種特色而美味的圣誕大餐，與家人共享。不過除了姜餅人、火雞，你知道世界各國還有哪些圣誕節傳統美食嗎？

When it comes to Christmas dinner, there are almost as many varieties as there are cultures.
談及圣誕晚餐，有多少種文化就有多少種大餐。

From German Christmas goose to "fur coat" fish, here are just some of the ways people celebrate Christmas around the world.
從德國圣誕燒鵝到“皮草魚”，下面是世界各地的人們慶祝圣誕節的一些方式。

Germany
德國

Weihnachtsgans, or German Christmas goose, is the traditional fowl that anchors family feasts around the country, though roast duck is becoming increasingly popular too.
德國圣誕燒鵝是全國各地家宴固定的傳統菜，不過現在烤鴨也變得越來越受歡迎了。

Netherlands
荷蘭

"Gourmetten is a typical Dutch Christmas dinner tradition, where a group of people sit at a table and cook their own little dishes in small pans (atop a large hot plate)," says Maartje Frederiks, CEO of the meal delivery group HelloFresh Benelux.
HelloFresh Benelux送餐公司的首席執行官瑪瑞提?費德里克斯表示，“Gourmetten是典型的荷蘭傳統圣誕晚餐，人們圍坐在桌前，在一個大大的熱烤盤上為自己烹制一小盤食物。”

It is reminiscent of the Swiss and French raclette, though instead of grilling cheese on a communal grill, Dutch people grill a variety of meat, fish and vegetables.
這讓人想到瑞士和法國的烤奶酪，但荷蘭人在共用烤架上不是烤奶酪，而是烤各種肉、魚和蔬菜。

"Additionally, the Dutchies like to bake small omelets or pancakes, and dress the experience with a variety of different sauces and bread with garlic butter," says Frederiks.
費德里克斯說，“荷蘭人還喜歡烤小煎蛋卷或小煎餅，還會佐以各種不同的調味醬和大蒜黃油面包。”

Italy
意大利

The Feast of the Seven Fishes, which occurs on Christmas Eve, is a gut-busting ritual kept in many parts of Italy and the Italian-American community.
在平安夜，意大利許多地區和意大利裔美國人社區的傳統是享用美味的“七魚宴”。

It's important that there are seven different 'fishes' prepared in seven different ways. Dishes are fried, cured, served in tomato sauce, etc.
重點是要用七種不同的方式制作七種不同的“魚”，菜品包括油炸的、腌制的以及做成番茄沙司等。

Philippines
菲律賓

Its tropical climate makes it perfect for gathering the family outdoors to help with lechon, or whole roasted pig.
菲律賓的熱帶氣候非常適宜全家聚在戶外一起烤乳豬或烤全豬。

"Preparing lechon is a bit of an event in itself - from stuffing the hog with onions, lemongrass, and garlic to preparing the fire," says expat Filipino and executive chef Carlo Lamagna of Portland's Clyde Common.
波特蘭Clyde Common餐廳的行政主廚卡羅?拉馬尼亞是僑居海外的菲律賓人，他說，“從給豬填洋蔥、檸檬草和大蒜到準備炭火，制作烤乳豬這件事本身就是一個節日儀式。”

Costa Rica
哥斯達黎加

"One of the most authentic Christmas traditions in Costa Rica is to prepare tamales ... every family has a secret tamale recipe," says Allan Duarte, banquet manager at Costa Rica Marriott San Jose.
哥斯達黎加圣約瑟萬豪酒店經理艾倫?杜阿爾特表示，“哥斯達黎加最正宗的圣誕美食是玉米粉蒸肉……每個家庭都有玉米粉蒸肉的秘制配方。”

Tamales are usually wrapped in banana leaves, and stuffed with a meat (pork, chicken or beef), garlic, onion, potatoes, raisins and other ingredients.
粉蒸肉通常是用香蕉葉包裹，餡料有肉（豬肉、雞肉或牛肉）、大蒜、洋蔥、土豆、葡萄干和其他食材。

Russia
俄羅斯

Surely the most exotic-sounding dish on this list, Russia's "herring in a fur coat" is a vibrant, layered salad that's consumed in many Russian households for the holiday season.
這絕對是榜單上聽起來最奇特的菜品。俄羅斯的“皮草鯡魚”是一道色彩鮮亮、有層次感的沙拉，許多俄羅斯家庭在圣誕節期間都會享用這道菜。

"It is a staple at all of my family holiday feasts," says Daniel Malak, a Russian-American working in San Francisco. "If you're a pescatarian, open your eyes wide and take in the glory of this pie which is layered with beets, mayo, potatoes, diced hard boiled eggs and, of course, herring."
丹尼爾?馬拉克是在舊金山工作的俄裔美國人，他說：“我家所有節日宴席的主食都是皮草鯡魚派。如果你是一名魚素者，一定要品嘗這道有名的菜，它是由甜菜、土豆、切丁的煮雞蛋以及鯡魚分層制成，加入了蛋黃醬。”

Puerto Rico
波多黎各

"As a native of Puerto Rico, one of my favorite meals to prepare is arroz con gandules (rice with peas and pigeon)," says Fernando Desa, executive chef of Goya Foods. "Holidays would certainly not be the same without this classic dish."
戈雅食品公司的行政主廚費爾南多?德薩說，“作為一個土生土長的波多黎各人，我最喜歡做的食物之一是arroz con gandules（米飯配豌豆和鴿子肉）。沒有這道經典菜品，節日肯定會變味的。”

The dish, which is seasoned with garlic, oregano, tomato sauce, olive oil and other ingredients, is enjoyed year-round but is required eating at Christmas.
這道菜加入的調料有大蒜、牛至、番茄醬、橄欖油以及其他食材，這道菜一年到頭都可以吃，但在圣誕節這是必吃的食物。

New Orleans
新奧爾良

New Orleans is famous for "letting the good times roll" well into the holiday season with its Reveillon dinners, a French family tradition that goes back to the early 19th century.
新奧爾良以其“盡享美好時光”的節日通宵盛宴而聞名，節日通宵盛宴這一法國家庭傳統可以追溯到19世紀初期。

Originally eaten after midnight mass before Christmas Eve, there are a variety of dishes in any given feast, but the usual suspects are seafood gumbo, soup and game pies.
最初人們做完平安夜前的午夜彌撒后開始用餐，所有通宵盛宴的菜品都非常豐盛，但一般可能出現的是海鮮濃湯，湯和野味派。

Poland
波蘭

Dumplings, or pierogi - stuffed with either mashed potatoes, cottage cheese or sauerkraut -- are the traditional holiday treat of choice in Poland.
餃子是波蘭的傳統節日美食，餡料包含土豆泥、農家干酪或者泡菜。

They are served with different toppings, such as melted butter, fried onion or skwarki: fried, crunchy golden pork fatback nuggets.
餃子上澆了多種不同的配料，如熔化的黃油、炒洋蔥或skwarki：一種炸得金黃香脆的肥豬肉塊。

Dominica
多米尼加

The Caribbean island Dominica -- not to be confused with the Dominican Republic -- prefers to nosh on a hearty bowl of tripe soup for the holidays.
加勒比島國多米尼克（不要與多米尼加共和國搞混）的居民更喜歡在節日期間享用一碗豐盛的牛肚湯。

Christmas tripe soup reflects the island nation's "whole animal" eating culture -- the practice of eating even those parts of an animal that might normally be discarded.
圣誕牛肚湯體現了這個島嶼國家“整吃動物”的飲食文化——他們會食用動物通常被丟棄的部分。

Vocabulary

lechon: 炭火烤乳豬
hog: 豬
oregano: 牛至
crunchy: 松脆的
tripe: 牛肚

英文來源：CNN
翻譯：董靜
編審：丹妮