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船如何能浮在水上
[ 2007-10-22 11:33 ]
船為何能浮在水上？大家都知道是水的浮力的作用。那么浮力究竟是怎么作用的呢？我們看看下面的說法。
A boat floats, because the fluid in which it is floating offsets the downward pull of gravity and pushes it up.
The scientific name for this force, which allows even immense objects to float in liquid, is buoyant force, more commonly known as buoyancy.
A solid object's density determines whether or not the buoyant force of a liquid can lift it.
The density of an object depends upon its weight and its size. Given two solid objects that are different sizes, but weigh the same, the smaller, more compact object is the denser of the two.
Fluids also have density. When an object is placed in the fluid, it pushes aside some of the liquid and, if its density is greater than that of the fluid it displaces, it will sink and, if not, it will float.
Despite the enormous size of some ships, they are basically metal shells filled with air, and are less dense and lighter than the water they push aside, which allows the boats to float.
Gravity 重力
Buoyancy 浮力
Density 密度
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