2. 隱性饑餓
hidden hunger

請看例句：

"At present, 2b people around the world are suffering from 'hidden hunger,' and the number in China is 300m," said Wan Jianmin, an academic with the Chinese Academy of Engineering.
中國工程院院士萬建民近日指出："目前，全球有20億人正遭受'隱性饑餓'，我們國家'隱性饑餓'的人口數量達到3個億。"

世界衛生組織(the World Health Organization)和聯合國糧農組織(the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization)把膳食中缺乏維生素、礦物質稱為"隱性饑餓(hidden hunger)"。萬建民稱，2015年我國糧食總產量(total grain production)超過了6億噸，數量上已基本能夠滿足人民需求(the quantity of grains is basically satisfactory for the needs of Chinese people)，但是"質"的問題卻沒有解決：微量營養素長期攝入不足(chronically insufficient intake of micronutrients)導致大量國人、尤其是偏遠山區的貧困人群營養不良(lead to malnutrition among a high number of citizens, especially those living in remote and mountainous regions)，并由此引發各種慢性疾病(chronic diseases)。

國家衛計委(the National Health and Family Planning Commission)發布的《中國居民營養與慢性病狀況報告(2015)》顯示，我國民眾膳食結構(diet structure)大多并不合理，鈣、鐵、維生素A、維生素D等礦物質和維生素(minerals and vitamins including calcium, iron, vitamin A and vitamin D)未達到推薦攝入水平(do not reach the recommended intake levels)。

萬建民還表示，人體健康除了需要碳水化合物(carbohydrate)、脂類(lipid)、蛋白質(protein)等大量營養素外，還需要鈣、鐵、鋅等16種礦物元素以及13種維生素。如果必需的微量營養素(essential micronutrient)長期攝入不足或失衡，身體雖然感覺不到饑餓，但健康卻在無形中受損。多項研究表明，"隱性饑餓"會導致出生缺陷(birth defect)及發育性殘疾(developmental disability)，增加兒童和孕婦死亡率(increase the mortality rate of children and pregnant women)，嚴重影響一個國家的人口素質和經濟發展(population quality and economic development)。對此，萬建民建議，糧食生產應該從重視數量轉變為重視質量(the emphasis in grain production should be shifted from quantity to quality)。

[相關詞匯]

微量元素 trace element/microelement

亞健康 sub-health

慢性疲勞 chronic fatigue

消瘦 emaciation

營養不良 malnutrition