Missing airliner MH370 is "very likely" to be found if it lies in the undersea zone now being scoured, and is probably in good condition despite being submerged for 10 months, the Australian search chief said.

Three vessels, with a fourth on the way, are probing the depths of the Indian Ocean off western Australia where the Malaysia Airlines plane carrying 239 people, mostly Chinese, is believed to have crashed.

The jet disappeared en route from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing on March 8 and apart from some mysterious satellite "pings" interpreted as plotting its southern course, no sign of it has been found despite a massive air and sea operation.

Relatives of those on board have endured a long wait for answers on what happened to their loved ones, with their torment reawakened by AirAsia Flight QZ8501 crashing into the sea off Indonesia on Dec 28.

So far, one quarter of the priority underwater search area of 60,000 square kilometers has been checked, while a wider zone of 208,000 sq km has been mapped.

"Our satellite calculations gave us an area we determined was high priority," said Martin Dolan, the chief commissioner of the Australian Transport Safety Bureau, which is leading the search.

"In this 60,000 sq km, it's very likely we will find the aircraft, but we don't know exactly where. We just have to cover that area thoroughly until we find the aircraft."

The priority search began in early October and will accelerate over the next few months as weather conditions improve, with the hunt expected to wrap up in May.

If the jet is not found, a decision on extending the investigation would be made by Australia and Malaysia, which have jointly shouldered the cost.

Undersea revelations

Dolan said mapping had led to the discovery of previously unknown undersea features such as mountains, volcanos, chasms and a rough, uneven sea floor, highlighting the challenges.

To take a closer look at the complex terrain, the Australian and Malaysian governments said on Wednesday they were jointly funding the fourth ship, Fugro Supporter, to join the probe later this month.

While the other three vessels - Fugro Equator, Fugro Discovery and GO Phoenix - use sophisticated sonar systems attached to tow cables up to 10 km long, the Supporter will have an autonomous underwater vehicle.

"(It) can be programmed and cover areas much more thoroughly. It's of course a lot slower," Dolan said, adding that about 5 percent of the search area needed more scrutiny.

"We need to go slow so that we can be 100 percent sure that we have covered that area totally."

The underwater probe is taking place in treacherous surface conditions with waves as high as 12 meters. Authorities believe the plane may be sitting on the ocean floor at depths of 4,000 meters.

No oxygen, no decay

But the deep sea plays an important role in preserving the aircraft if that was its resting place, Dolan said.

"At the likely depth we think the aircraft is, around about 4,000 meters below the sea surface, there's very little going on there. ... That's likely to affect the components of the aircraft we are looking for," he said.

"The second is that down there there's very little or no oxygen, so there's not anything in the way of oxidization or decay going on with aircraft parts.

"The sonar equipment we are using means that - even if there's an amount of silt or other things - we can still locate the aircraft parts.

"We are confident there's going to be enough visible parts of the aircraft for us to be able to detect it."