 Computer and Video Game History
[ 2006-07-28 10:58 ]
你喜歡玩電腦游戲嗎？《魔獸爭霸》、《仙劍奇俠傳》、《古墓麗影》、《三國志》……電腦游戲大行其道，眾玩家也時不時來場大型PK。如今是個“群游爭霸”的時代。那么，你對電腦游戲的起源了解多少呢？誰編寫出了第一個電腦游戲？看了下面這篇文章，你就能對電腦游戲發展史了解一二。
 In 1952, A.S. Douglas wrote his PhD degree at the University of Cambridge on Human-Computer interaction. Douglas created the first graphical computer game. The game was programmed on anEDSAC vacuum-tubecomputer, which had acathode ray tubedisplay.
William Higginbotham created the first video game ever in 1958. His game, called "Tennis for Two," was created and played on a Brookhaven National Laboratoryoscilloscope. In 1962, Steve Russell invented "SpaceWar!"." SpaceWar!" was the first game intended for computer use.
In 1967, Ralph Baer wrote the first video game played on a television set, a game called Chase. Ralph Baer was then part of Sanders Associates, a military electronics firm. Ralph Baer first conceived of his idea in 1951 while working for Loral, a television company.
In 1971, Nolan Bushnell together with Ted Dabney created the firstarcade game. It was called Computer Space, based on Steve Russell's earlier game of "Spacewar!". The arcade game Pong was created by Nolan Bushnell a year later. Nolan Bushnell and Ted Dabney started Atari Computers that same year. In 1975, Atari re-released Pong as a home video game.
In 1972, the first commercial video game console that could be played in the home, the Odyssey was released by Magnavox and designed by Ralph Baer. The game machine was originally designed in 1966 while Ralph Baer was still at Sanders Associates, who managed to gain his legal rights to the machine after Sanders Associates rejected it. The Odyssey came programmed with twelve games.
In 1976, Fairchild released the first programmable home game console called the Fairchild Video Entertainment System, and later renamed Channel F. Channel F was one of the first electronic systems to use the newly inventedmicrochipinvented by Robert Noyce for the Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation that allowed video games to not be limited by the number of TTL switches.
On June 17, 1980, Atari's "Asteroids" and "Lunar Lander" were the first two video games to ever be registered in the Copyright Office.
EDSAC：第一臺內儲式電子計算器
vacuum-tube：真空管
cathode ray tube：陰極射線管
oscilloscope：（物理）示波鏡
arcade game：虛擬器游戲
microchip：微芯片
（英語點津 Annabel 編輯）
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