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A "silent tsunami" unleashed by costlier food threatens 100 million people, the United Nations said yesterday, but views differed as to how to stop it.

The Asian Development Bank said there was enough food to go round, and the key was to help the poor afford it. It said Asian governments, which have curbed food exports, were over-reacting.

In London, Prime Minister Gordon Brown said Britain would seek changes to EU biofuels targets if it was shown that planting crops for fuel was driving up food prices - a day after the bloc stood by its plans to boost biofuel use.

Britain also pledged $900 million to help the UN World Food Programme alleviate immediate problems and address longer-term solutions to "help put food on the table for nearly a billion people going hungry across the world".

The World Food Programme head Josette Sheeran said a "silent tsunami" threatened to plunge over 100 million people on every continent into hunger.

"This is the new face of hunger - the millions of people who were not in the urgent hunger category six months ago but now are."

The WFP said this was the biggest challenge in its 45-year history. Riots in poor Asian and African countries have followed steep rises in food prices caused by many factors – more expensive fuel, bad weather, rising disposable incomes boosting demand and the conversion of land to grow crops to be turned into biofuel.

"The era of cheap food is over," said Rajat Nag, managing director general of the Asian Development Bank.

Rice from Thailand, the world's top exporter, has more than doubled this year but Nag urged Asian governments not to distort markets with export curbs, and instead use fiscal measures to help the poor.

"We want to temper what we think is a bit of an over-reaction. There is still enough supply," he said.

India and Vietnam have limited exports, hoping to tame prices at home - while goading them higher abroad.

"Banning of exports is no different from hoarding at a national level," Nag said.

The comments from the ADB echoed statements by the International Monetary Fund and the United Nations, urging countries to ensure more funds in the hands of the poor to buy food, instead of resorting to protectionist trade barriers.

Other aid officials have used more dramatic language.

UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon said dearer food risked wiping out progress on cutting poverty and his special rapporteur on the right to food, Jean Ziegler, said rises were leading to "mass murder".

Brown raised further doubts about the wisdom of using crops to help produce fuel, an idea whose recent popularity in the US and Europe has been dented by fears it harms the environment and makes food more costly.

"We need to look more closely at the impact on food prices and the environment of different production methods and to ensure we are more selective in our support (for biofuels)," he said.

"If our UK review shows that we need to change our approach, we will also push for change in EU biofuels targets."

The EU's executive Commission on Monday stood by its target of getting 10 percent of road transport fuel from crops and agricultural waste by 2020.

Brown called for more research into higher-yielding crop varieties that can withstand harsh climates and for an agricultural revolution in developing countries.

A global trade deal that opened up markets in rich countries was also needed, he said.

Questions:

1. How much money has Britain pledged to the UN World Food Programme?

2. What are the reasons for food shortages?

3. Why does the head of the UN World Food Programme call the crisis a “silent tsunami”?

Answers:

1.$900 million.

2.Expensive fuel, bad weather, rising disposable incomes boosting demand and conversion of land to grow crops to be turned to biofuel.

3.Because 100 million people on every continent will go hungry.

（英語點津  Celene 編輯）

About the broadcaster:

Bernice Chan is a foreign expert at China Daily Website. Originally from Vancouver, Canada, Bernice has written for newspapers and magazines in Hong Kong and most recently worked as a broadcaster for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, producing current affairs shows and documentaries