免费日韩片_欧美成人精品一区二区男人小说_国产乱码一区二区三区四区_国产精品国产三级国产aⅴ入口_成人看的污污超级黄网站免费_欧美一级在线免费观看_成人午夜免费无码福利片_国产乱人伦偷精品视频色欲_aaa少妇高潮大片免费看_国产精品1234_亚洲精品国产suv一区88_中文字字幕在线中文无码_精品亚洲区_午夜九九九_国产av国片精品jk制服丝袜_色综合亚洲_亚洲成av人片无码bt种子下载_欧美色就色_精品少妇的一区二区三区四区_男人用嘴添女人下身免费视频

This is the VOA Special English Health Report.

Malaria is caused by a parasite spread through the bite of infected mosquitoes. The World Health Organization, in its latest estimate, says the disease caused 781,000 deaths in 2009. Most of those deaths were in children in Africa. Worldwide there were 225 million cases of malaria.

Both of these numbers represent improvements. In 2000 there were an estimated 233 million cases of malaria and almost a million deaths.

Malaria remains a major problem in Africa, but there have been some successes. Deaths in Rwanda, for example, have been reduced by 60 percent.

There are still no vaccines to prevent malaria. The main way for communities to control the disease is by controlling mosquitoes.

In a recent study, researchers in West Africa have shown that spraying insecticide indoors can greatly reduce malaria transmission.

The fight against malaria has two main targets: the parasite itself and the mosquito that carries the parasite. Insecticides target the mosquito. But over time the insects develop resistance to the chemicals. This has been happening with current mosquito killers, including chemicals known as pyrethroids.

Gil Germain Padonou and other researchers at the Center de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou in Benin tested another insecticide. This one is called bendiocarb. They tested it with indoor spraying at sites throughout Benin.

There were fewer mosquito bites in homes sprayed with bendiocarb. More importantly, none of the 350,000 people who lived there got malaria-infected mosquito bites during the test.

Peter Hotez heads the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, which published the research.

PETER HOTEZ: "And this is what this bendiocarb is all about, showing that it's efficacious -- at least in this setting in Benin, in a real, live field setting. So it provides a potentially good alternative where there's been high development of resistance to pyrethroids."

Dr Hotez says the effectiveness in the test does not mean all malaria programs should use bendiocarb, or that indoor spraying should be the only method used.

PETER HOTEZ: "When we think about a large-scale goal to take on malaria, it's not an either/or situation. We're going to have to throw multiple things out there in order to see what the optimal combination is to achieve control."

Bendiocarb is widely used against a number of different insects. The insecticide is considered relatively safe when used as directed. It has not been shown to cause cancer, and it passes quickly out of the bodies of humans and other mammals.

The study from Benin appears in the American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.

And that's the VOA Special English Health Report, at voaspecialenglish.com. I'm Christopher Cruise.

malaria: 瘧疾；瘴氣

pyrethroid: 擬除蟲菊酯

bendiocarb: 惡蟲威（殺蟲劑）

Related Stories:

Microbe could help battle malaria

A possible safe new way to kill mosquitoes that spread malaria

Defeat malaria, or just control it? New polio vaccine

Donors promise 12 billion to fight AIDS, TB and Malaria

（來源：VOA 編輯：Rosy）