據外媒報道，英國政府近日提案，向臉書、推特等社交媒體公司額外征稅，幫助英國的網絡安全戰略籌措資金；該戰略旨在解決針對兒童和弱勢用戶的網絡霸凌、網絡濫用和其它風險問題。這類政策在賭博行業已有先例，目前賭博公司承擔了一部分治療賭癮的費用。

Facebook and Twitter could be asked to pay a tax to help fund educational campaigns about internet abuse.
臉書和推特或被征稅，用于資助有關網絡欺辱行為的教育活動。

It is among ideas suggested by the UK government as it considers its safer internet strategy.
這是英國政府關于互聯網安全戰略設想的一部分。

It also proposed that social media platforms reveal the true scale of online hate and how much content is removed each year.
英國政府還提議，社交媒體平臺公開網絡仇恨的真實規模，以及每年清除多少內容。

And it wants a code of practice to ensure providers offer adequate online safety.
英國政府希望制定一份行為守則，以確保企業提供的網絡服務足夠安全。

英國政府的網絡安全戰略旨在解決互聯網上存在的以下問題：

cyber-bullying
網絡欺凌

trolling
網絡噴子

abuse
網絡欺辱

under-age access to pornography
未成年人接觸色情內容

The UK's Culture Secretary, Karen Bradley, said social-media companies had to face up to their responsibilities.
英國文化部長凱倫?布萊德利稱，社交媒體公司必須正視自己的責任。

"The internet has been an amazing force for good, but it has caused undeniable suffering and can be an especially harmful place for children and vulnerable people," she said.
她說：“互聯網一直是一股神奇力量，但它也導致了不可否認的痛苦，對于兒童和弱勢群體來說，互聯網的危害尤其嚴重。”

"Behavior that is unacceptable in real life is unacceptable on a computer screen, and we need an approach to the internet that protects everyone without restricting growth and innovation in the digital economy.
“現實生活中不可容忍的行為在電腦屏幕上同樣不可接受，我們需要一種在不限制數字經濟增長和創新的前提下保護所有人的方法。”

"Our ideas are ambitious - and rightly so. Collaboratively, government, industry, parents and communities can keep citizens safe online, but only by working together."
“我們的構想是遠大的，也是正確的。只有政府、企業、家長和社會一致合作，才可以確保公民的網絡安全。”

According to the government, almost a fifth of 12- to 15-year-olds have seen something they found worrying or nasty, and almost half of adults have seen something that has upset or offended them, on social media.
據英國政府稱，在12至15歲的青少年中，有近20%的人在社交媒體上看到過令他們感到不安或冒犯的內容，而近一半成年人有此經歷。

提案主要內容

One of the proposals is for an annual transparency report which could be used to show:
政府的提案之一包括一份呈現以下內容的年度公開報告：

the volume of content reported to companies and the proportion taken down
向企業報告的內容數量以及被清除內容的占比

how users' complaints are handled
如何處理用戶投訴

categories of complaints, including from under-18s, women, the LGBT community or on religious grounds
投訴類別，比如來自未成年人、女性、同性戀團體的投訴，或基于宗教理由的投訴

information about how each site moderates content
關于每個網站如何凈化網絡內容的信息

Ms Bradley said that the government "could legislate in the future", adding that any changes to existing law would be underpinned by the following principles:
布萊德利稱，英國政府“未來可能立法”，并表示對現行法律的任何修改都將遵循以下原則：

What is unacceptable offline, should be unacceptable online
在現實中不可接受的行為在網絡中也不應該被接受

All users should be empowered to manage online risks and stay safe
所有用戶必須能夠管理網絡風險、維持安全

Technology companies have a responsibility to their users
科技公司對其用戶負有責任

It also wants to see a new body, similar to the UK Council for Child Internet Safety, to consider all aspects of internet safety.
政府還希望成立一個類似于英國兒童互聯網安全理事會的新機構，以全面管理互聯網安全。

各方反應

In response to the consultation, Facebook said: "Our priority is to make Facebook a safe place for people of all ages which is why we spent a long time working with safety experts like the UK Safer Internet Centre, developing powerful tools to help people have a positive experience.We welcome close collaboration between industry, experts and government to address this important issue."
對此，臉書表示：“我們的首要任務是讓臉書成為對所有年齡段的人都安全的地方，因此，我們花費大量時間和英國互聯網安全中心等安全專業機構合作，研發能夠帶給用戶積極上網體驗的有力工具。我們歡迎企業、專家和政府密切合作，解決這一關鍵問題。”

Vicki Shotbolt, chief executive at social enterprise Parent Zone, said it was encouraging to see the government taking "concrete steps" to make the internet a safer place for children.
社會企業Parent Zone的首席執行官Vicki Shotbolt稱，看到政府采取“具體措施”提高兒童的網上安全，此舉令人振奮。

A spokesperson for the NSPCC said keeping young people safe online was "the biggest child protection issue of our time".
英國全國防止虐待兒童學會發言人稱，保障年輕人的網上安全是“當今兒童保護最重要的問題”。

"Social media companies are marking their own homework when it comes to keeping children safe, so a code of practice is definitely a step in the right direction but 'how' it is implemented will be crucial.
“在保護兒童安全方面，社交媒體公司自己執行，自己評判，因此頒布一份行為守則絕對是正確之舉，但‘如何’執行將是關鍵。”

"Young people face a unique set of risks when using the internet and it is important any strategy recognizes the challenges they face online and requires industry to act to protect them."
“年輕人在使用網絡時會遇到一些特殊的風險，從戰略層面認識他們在互聯網中面臨的挑戰，并要求企業采取行動保護他們，這是非常重要的。”

Asking social-media companies to contribute towards the costs of educating the public about online dangers has precedence in the gambling industry, which currently contributes an amount to the treatment of gambling addiction.
政府要求社交媒體公司為有關網絡危險的公眾教育活動掏腰包，這在賭博行業已有先例，目前賭博公司承擔了一部分治療賭癮的費用。

英文來源：BBC
翻譯&編輯：董靜
審校：yaning