《雨巷》是戴望舒的成名作，講述了一位徘徊于悠長(zhǎng)、狹窄、陰沉的雨巷的獨(dú)行者，期待碰到一位像丁香一樣結(jié)著愁怨的姑娘，然最終卻與之擦肩而過(guò)，給人留下了朦朧幽深的印象，反映了詩(shī)人迷茫感傷又充滿希望的心境。該詩(shī)寫(xiě)于1927年。創(chuàng)作背景是當(dāng)時(shí)中國(guó)社會(huì)正經(jīng)歷了黑暗的時(shí)刻，反動(dòng)派對(duì)革命者實(shí)行血腥屠殺，發(fā)生了‘四·一二’大屠殺事件，年僅22歲的詩(shī)人，投身革命而被捕，面對(duì)全國(guó)的白色恐怖，詩(shī)人陷入了苦惱、彷徨、迷茫。故《雨巷》被一些學(xué)者認(rèn)為是當(dāng)時(shí)黑暗社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)和理想幻滅的縮影。當(dāng)然隨著時(shí)代的變遷，在和平年代，這種作者‘意圖論’的解讀或許要讓位于‘愛(ài)情’追求視角的解讀?；蛟S詩(shī)中所描寫(xiě)的男女主角情形在小編看來(lái)，可以歸結(jié)為‘迷倒萬(wàn)千少女心，迷茫阡陌少年郎’。

戴望舒的詩(shī)風(fēng)大抵上還是帶有中國(guó)古典詩(shī)詞的中婉約、清麗的韻致，然其又深受十九世紀(jì)末法國(guó)詩(shī)歌中崛起的象征主義的詩(shī)歌創(chuàng)作影響（法國(guó)象征派詩(shī)人通常通過(guò)憤世嫉俗、頹廢的方式去反抗資本主義的秩序），故其詩(shī)歌中通常采用一些暗示隱喻等修辭手法表現(xiàn)內(nèi)心對(duì)社會(huì)的瞬間情感，時(shí)不時(shí)帶著一股憂郁、消沉、孤獨(dú)之感。此外，該詩(shī)還吸取了西方詩(shī)歌中的一些技法，比如語(yǔ)言復(fù)沓，音韻反復(fù)，來(lái)強(qiáng)化全詩(shī)的音樂(lè)性和抒情色彩，讓人聽(tīng)起來(lái)悅耳、和諧。故該詩(shī)發(fā)表于《小說(shuō)月報(bào)》第19卷第8號(hào)時(shí)，其編輯葉紹鈞對(duì)《雨巷》給予高度評(píng)價(jià)：《雨巷》‘替新詩(shī)底音節(jié)開(kāi)了一個(gè)新紀(jì)元’。卞之琳在《戴望舒詩(shī)集》的序中也褒中帶貶地評(píng)價(jià)說(shuō)：’《雨巷》讀起來(lái)好像舊詩(shī)名句“丁香空結(jié)雨中愁”的現(xiàn)代白話版的擴(kuò)充或者稀釋。一種回蕩的旋律和一種流暢的節(jié)奏，確乎在每節(jié)六行，各行長(zhǎng)短不一，大體在一定間隔重復(fù)一個(gè)韻的七節(jié)詩(shī)里，貫徹始終。用慣了的意象和用濫了的詞藻，卻使這首詩(shī)的成功顯得淺易、浮泛。' 還有朱湘給戴望舒的信中亦指出《雨巷》與西方作品和唐詩(shī)的共同之處，認(rèn)為‘《雨巷》在音節(jié)上完美無(wú)疵’，與美國(guó)詩(shī)人 Edgar Allan Poe的詩(shī)‘Annabel Lee’有著‘異曲同工’之妙，‘在音節(jié)上，比起唐人的長(zhǎng)短句來(lái)，實(shí)在毫無(wú)遜色’?？傮w上，《雨巷》是一首佳作。

以下選取楊憲益、戴乃迭、唐正秋、丁祖馨以及朱曼華翻譯的英文版本，看看英文如何表述詩(shī)中多次出現(xiàn)的“彷徨”。

中文原詩(shī)

雨巷

戴望舒 作

一

撐著油紙傘，獨(dú)自

彷徨在悠長(zhǎng)、悠長(zhǎng)

又寂寥的雨巷，

我希望逢著

一個(gè)丁香一樣地

結(jié)著愁怨的姑娘。

她是有

丁香一樣的顏色，

丁香一樣的芬芳，

丁香一樣的憂愁，

在雨中哀怨，

哀怨又彷徨；

二

她彷徨在寂寥的雨巷，

撐著油紙傘

像我一樣，

像我一樣地

默默踟躇著

冷漠，凄清，又惆悵。

她默默地走近，

走近，又投出

太息一般的眼光

她飄過(guò)

像夢(mèng)一般地，

像夢(mèng)一般地凄婉迷茫。

三

像夢(mèng)中飄過(guò)

一枝丁香地，

我身旁飄過(guò)這個(gè)女郎；

她靜默地遠(yuǎn)了，遠(yuǎn)了，

到了頹圮的籬墻，

走盡這雨巷。

在雨的哀曲里，

消了她的顏色，

散了她的芬芳，

消散了，甚至她的

太息般的眼光

丁香般的惆悵。

四

撐著油紙傘，獨(dú)自

彷徨在悠長(zhǎng)、悠長(zhǎng)

又寂寥的雨巷，

我希望飄過(guò)

一個(gè)丁香一樣地

結(jié)著愁怨的姑娘。

英文譯本一

A Lane in the Rain

Dai Wangshu

楊憲益、戴乃迭 譯

Alone holding an oil-paper umbrella,

I wander along a long

Solitary lane in the rain,

Hoping to encounter

A girl like a bouquet of lilacs

Gnawed by anxiety and resentment.

A girl

The colour of lilacs,

The fragrance of lilacs,

With the worries of lilacs,

Feeling melancholy in the rain,

Plaintive and hesitating.

She wanders along the solitary lane in the rain,

Holding an oil-paper umbrella

Just as I do,

Just like me,

Walking slowly in silence,

Aloof, sad and melancholy.

Silently she comes closer,

Closer, giving me

A glance like a sigh;

Then she floats past

Like a dream,

Dreary and blank like a dream.

Like a lilac

Floating past in a dream,

the girl floats past me;

Silently she goes further and further,

To the crumbling wall,

Out of the lane in the rain.

In the mournful melody of the rain,

Her colour has faded,

Her fragrance has disappeared,

Vanished into the void;

Even her glance like a sigh,

Melancholy like lilacs.

Alone, holding an oil-paper umbrella,

I wander along a long

Solitary lane in the rain,

Hoping to pass

A girl like a bouquet of lilacs

Gnawed by anxiety and resentment.

英文譯本二

The Alley in the Rain

Dai Wangshu

唐正秋 譯

Holding an umbrella, I’m alone

Wandering about the long, long,

Lonely alley in the rain,

Hoping to encounter

A girl who bears her melancholy

Like a lilac flower.

She has

The color of a lilac,

The fragrance of a lilac,

And the melancholy of a lilac.

She looks sorrowful in the rain,

Sorrowful and depressed.

She paces the lonely alley,

Holding an umbrella,

Like me,

Just like me –

Walking quietly and slowly

In coldness, solitude and melancholy.

Quietly she comes close,

Close to me and casts

A glance, like a sigh.

She drifts away

Like a dream–

So dreary and deep.

Like a lilac flower drifting by

In a dream,

The girl passes by me;

Quietly she is walking away and away,

To a broken hedge,

To the end of the alley in the rain.

In the plaintive tune of the rain

Her color fades,

Her fragrance disappears,

So do her sighing glance

And lilac-like melancholy.

Holding an umbrella, I’m alone

Wandering about the long, long,

Lonely alley in the rain,

Hoping to see passing by

A girl who bears her melancholy

Like a lilac flower.

英文譯本三

Rainy Alley

Dai Wangshu

丁祖馨 譯

Holding a light umbrella

I walk back and forth alone

In a silent, rainy alley,

A long, an endlessly long alley,

Hoping to meet

A girl as sweet, as blue

As the lilac bud that knits her brows.

As graceful as lilac,

As fragrant as lilac,

As sad as lilac:

Back and forth she walks,

Worried in the rain,

Sad in the rain.

Holding a light umbrella

Back and forth she walks, and walks,

In this silent, rainy alley,

As I pace and plod,

Silent, alone,

Wearing my solitude, my sadness and pain.

Quietly she walks close by me,

Then closer, then closer,

Casting a glance

As if of a sign,

She floats on by me

Plaintive as a dream,

A hazy dream,

A sad dream.

As if what flies by me

Is a branch of lilac in a dream,

The girl flits by me

In silence, in a distance

More distant, more distant,

Floats to a ruined wattled wall

At the end of this rainy alley.

And her roselike color fades,

Her sweet, sweet fragrance fades,

To the sad tune of the rain.

Her glance disappears, her sign disappears,

Her lilac-like sadness.

Holding a light umbrella

I walk back and forth alone

In a silent, rainy alley,

A long, an endlessly long alley,

Hoping to meet

A girl as sweet, as blue

As the lilac bud that knits her brows.

英文譯本四

Rain Lane

Dai Wangshu

朱曼華 譯

My umbrella being unfolded on,

Along the lane, narrow but long,

Alone I was wandering down.

I longed to meet

A bitter lilac-like girl,

She’s in resentful sorrow.

She was such a girl:

In lilac-like color,

With lilac-like smell,

She behaves in the lilac-like gloomy style.

She was sad in raining,

Walking back and forth, walking...

Walking down the lonely lane.

She upheld the umbrella-shaft

As I did,

As I did along the narrow lane.

To be silent,

Lonely, melancholy, indifferent.

In silence she was approaching,

On and on, approaching,

Glancing and glancing.

She’s passing by my side gently.

I could see her as if dreaming of fancy.

Leaving me coldly, she looks vast and hazy.

Like a lilac floating lightly,

Into my dream is the lady.

Gently passing by me,

Far, far away, she was vanishing silently,

To the end of the narrow way,

In which a ruined fence lay.

Her sad rainy song,

Or her pale face with her feeling down,

Her fragrance was not strong.

Even her sighing eyesight

Not so bright, but disconsolate.

Unfolding my umbrella, alone

The lonesome rain-lane long, long,

I wandered on, feeling down.

I longed to see a lilac girl,

Gently on her go,

She’s in resentful sorrow.

（來(lái)源：中國(guó)文化譯研網(wǎng)，編輯：Helen）