十八屆三中全會(huì)雙語(yǔ)辭典

中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨第十八屆中央委員會(huì)第三次全體會(huì)議，于2013年11月9日至12日在北京舉行。全會(huì)聽取和討論了習(xí)近平受中央政治局委托作的工作報(bào)告，審議通過了《中共中央關(guān)于全面深化改革若干重大問題的決定》。習(xí)近平就《決定（討論稿）》向全會(huì)作了說明。

指導(dǎo)思想（guidance）：高舉中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗幟，以鄧小平理論、“三個(gè)代表”重要思想、科學(xué)發(fā)展觀為指導(dǎo)（to hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents and the Scientific Outlook on Development）。

總目標(biāo)（general objective）：完善和發(fā)展中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義制度，推進(jìn)國(guó)家治理體系和治理能力現(xiàn)代化（to improve and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics and push on with modernization of the country's governing system and capabilities）。

時(shí)間表（timetable）：到2020年，我國(guó)在重要領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)改革上取得決定性成果，形成系統(tǒng)完備、科學(xué)規(guī)范、運(yùn)行有效的制度體系，使各方面制度更加成熟更加定型（Decisive results must be achieved in key sectors, and a well-developed, scientific, procedure-based and effective framework must be in place by 2020 to ensure institutions in all sectors be more mature）。

改革重點(diǎn)（key of the reform）：經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革時(shí)全面深化改革的重點(diǎn)，核心是處理好政府和市場(chǎng)的關(guān)系，使市場(chǎng)在資源配置中發(fā)揮決定性作用和更好發(fā)揮政府作用（Economic reform is key, and the core solution is the proper relationship between the government and the market, leaving the market to play the decisive role in allocation of resources）。

新設(shè)機(jī)構(gòu)（newly established institutions）：中央全面深化改革領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組(a central leading team for “comprehensively deepening reform”)，負(fù)責(zé)改革總體設(shè)計(jì)、統(tǒng)籌協(xié)調(diào)、整體推進(jìn)、督促落實(shí)(in charge of designing reform on an overall basis, arranging and coordinating reform, pushing forward reform as a whole, and supervising the implementation of reform plans)；國(guó)家安全委員會(huì)（state security committee），完善國(guó)家安全體制和國(guó)家安全戰(zhàn)略，確保國(guó)家安全(improving systems and strategies to ensure national security)。

改革要點(diǎn)（main points of the reform）：

1. 堅(jiān)持和完善基本經(jīng)濟(jì)制度(to keep to and improve the basic economic system)：增強(qiáng)國(guó)有經(jīng)濟(jì)活力、控制力、影響力(to enhance the vitality of the state-owned sector of the economy and its capacity to leverage and influence the economy)，激發(fā)非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)活力和創(chuàng)造力(Development in the non-public sector will be encouraged which will in turn stimulate vitality and creativity in the whole economy)。

2. 加快完善現(xiàn)代市場(chǎng)體系(to speed up the improvement of modern market system)：完善主要由市場(chǎng)決定價(jià)格的機(jī)制(to improve the market price mechanism)。

3. 加快轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能(to speed up the transformation of government functions,)：建設(shè)法治政府和服務(wù)型政府(to establish a law-based and service-oriented government)。

4. 深化財(cái)稅體制改革(to deepen the reform of fiscal and tax system)：完善立法、明確事權(quán)、改革稅制、穩(wěn)定稅負(fù)、透明預(yù)算、提高效率(to improve related legislation, ascertain government bodies' responsibilities, reform the taxation system, stabilize tax burden, ensure budgeting is transparent and efficiency improved)。

5. 健全城鄉(xiāng)一體化體制機(jī)制(to improve institutions and mechanisms for promoting integrated urban and rural development)：賦予農(nóng)民更多財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)利(to grant farmers more property rights)，推進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)要素平等交換和公共資源均衡配置(to enhance equal exchange of factors of production between urban and rural areas and balance allocation of public resources between them)。

6. 構(gòu)建開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)新體制(to build a new open economic system)：放寬投資準(zhǔn)入，加快自由貿(mào)易區(qū)建設(shè)（to relax investment access and speed up construction of free trade zones)。

7. 加強(qiáng)社會(huì)主義民主政治制度建設(shè)(to improve the construction of socialist democratic political system)：發(fā)展基層民主(to develop grassroots democracy)。

8. 推進(jìn)法治中國(guó)建設(shè)(To build China under the rule of law)：確保依法獨(dú)立公正行使審判權(quán)檢察權(quán)(to ensure independence and fairness in prosecuting bodies and courts under the rule of law)。

9. 強(qiáng)化權(quán)力運(yùn)行制約和監(jiān)督體系（to strengthen the restriction and supervision system of power operation）：健全懲治和預(yù)防腐敗體系，建設(shè)廉潔政治，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)干部清正、政府清廉、政治清明(to improve the establishment of a system of combating corruption through both punishment and prevention, promote political integrity and see to it that officials are honest, the government is clean, and political integrity is upheld)。

10. 推進(jìn)文化體制機(jī)制創(chuàng)新(to promote innovation in cultural institutions and mechanisms)：完善文化管理體制，建立健全現(xiàn)代文化市場(chǎng)體系(to improve the cultural management system and establish a modern cultural market system)。

11. 推進(jìn)社會(huì)事業(yè)改革創(chuàng)新(to accelerate reform and innovation in social sectors)：深化教育領(lǐng)域綜合改革，健全促進(jìn)就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)體制機(jī)制，建立更加公平可持續(xù)的社會(huì)保障制度，深化醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革(to deepen overall education reform, improve the institutions and mechanisms of employment and starting business, build a fairer and more sustainable social welfare system, deepen reform of the medical and health system )。

12. 創(chuàng)新社會(huì)治理體制（to innovate the social management system）：創(chuàng)新有效預(yù)防和化解社會(huì)矛盾體制(to innovate a system that can effectively prevent and solve social contradiction)。建立國(guó)家安全委員會(huì)(to establish the state security committee)。

13. 加快生態(tài)文明制度建設(shè)(to speed up the building of ecological civilization system)：實(shí)行資源有償使用制度和生態(tài)補(bǔ)償制度(to establish a system of compensation for the use of natural resources and the subsequent impact on the ecosystem)。

14. 深化軍隊(duì)和國(guó)防改革(to deepen the reform of army and national defense)：深化軍隊(duì)體制編制調(diào)整改革(deepening reform of army establishments, pushing forward army policy adjustments)。

15. 加強(qiáng)和改善黨對(duì)全面深化改革的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)（the CPC must strengthen and improve its leadership in comprehensively deepening reform）：中央成立全面深化改革領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組(The Communist Party of China (CPC) will set up a central leading team for "comprehensively deepening reform")。

相關(guān)閱讀

全會(huì)通過的各種文件有什么區(qū)別

全面深化改革 Comprehensively deepening reform

什么是“383”方案？

全能政府VS有限政府

（中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津 Helen）

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