III. Thoroughly Applying the Scientific Outlook on Development
To continue to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics at the new stage of development, we must follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents and thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development.
The Scientific Outlook on Development is a continuation and development of the important thoughts on development advanced by the previous three generations of central collective leadership of the CPC and a concentrated expression of the Marxist world outlook and methodology with regard to development. It is a scientific theory that is in the same line as Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents and keeps up with the times. It is an important guiding principle for China's economic and social development and a major strategic thought that we must uphold and apply in developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.
In light of the basic reality that China is in the primary stage of socialism, the Scientific Outlook on Development has been formulated to meet new requirements of development by analyzing China's own practice and drawing on the experience of other countries in development. At this new stage in the new century, China's development shows a series of new features which are mainly as follows: The economic strength has increased markedly, but the overall productivity remains low, the capacity for independent innovation is weak, andthe longstanding structural problems and the extensive mode of growthare yet to be fundamentally addressed. The socialist market economy is basically in place, but there remain structural and institutional obstacles slowing down development, and further reform in difficult areas is confronted with deep-seated problems. A relatively comfortable standard of living has been achieved for the people as a whole, butthe trend of a growing gap in income distributionhas not been thoroughly reversed, there are still a considerable number of impoverished and low-income people in both urban and rural areas, and it has become more difficult toaccommodate the interests of all sides.Efforts to balance development have yielded remarkable results, butthe foundation of agriculture remains weak, the rural areas still lag behind in development, and we face an arduous task tonarrow the urban-rural and interregional gaps in development and promote balanced economic and social development. Socialist democracy has continued to develop and we have made steady progress in implementing the rule of law as a fundamental principle, but efforts to improve democracy and the legal system fall somewhat short of the need to expand people's democracy and promote economic and social development, and political restructuring has to be deepened. Socialist culture is thriving as never before, but the people have growing cultural needs and have become more independent, selective, changeable and diverse in thinking, setting higher requirements for the development of an advanced socialist culture. Our society has become evidently more dynamic, but profound changes have taken place in the structure of society, in the way society is organized and in the pattern of social interests, and many new issues have emerged in social development and management. China is opening wider to the outside world, but international competition is becoming increasingly acute, pressure in the form of the economic and scientific dominance of developed countries will continue for a long time to come, both predictable and unpredictable risks are increasing, and the need to balance domestic development and opening to the outside world is greater than ever.
All this shows that through the unremitting efforts we have made since the founding of the People's Republic in 1949, particularly since the introduction of the reform and opening up policy, China has scored achievements in development that have captured world attention, and experienced far-reaching changes in the productive forces and the relations of production, as well as in the economic base and the superstructure. However, the basic reality that China is still in the primary stage of socialism and will remain so for a long time to come has not changed, nor hasChinese society's principal contradiction - the one between the ever-growing material and cultural needs of the people and the low level of social production. The current features of development in China are a concrete manifestation of that basic reality at this new stage in the new century. Stressing recognition of the basic reality is not meantto belittle ourselves, wallow in backwardness, orencourage unrealistic pursuit of quick results. Rather, such recognition will serve as the basis of our endeavor to advance reform and plan for development. We must always remain sober-minded, base our efforts on the most significant reality that China is in the primary stage of socialism, scientifically analyze the new opportunities and challenges arising from China's full involvement ineconomic globalization, fully understand the new situation and tasks in China's advance toward anindustrialized, information-based, urbanized, market-oriented and internationalized country, have a good grasp of the new issues and problems we face in development, follow more conscientiously the path of scientific development, and strive to open up a broader vista for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.
The Scientific Outlook on Development takes development as its essence, putting people first as its core, comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development as its basic requirement, and overall consideration as its fundamental approach.
-We must regard development as the top priority of the Party in governing and rejuvenating the country. Development is of decisive significance for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and speeding up socialist modernization. We must firmly commit ourselves to the central task of economic development, concentrate on construction and development, and keep releasing and developing the productive forces. We must better implementthe strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, the strategy of strengthening the nation with trained personnel and the strategy of sustainable development.We must grasp the law of development, make innovations in our thinking, transform the mode of development, crack hard issues and raise quality and efficiency to achieve sound and rapid development,so that we can lay a solid foundation for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics. We must strive forscientific development by putting people first and making it comprehensive, balanced and sustainablewe must strive for harmonious development by integrating all undertakings and promoting unity and amity among all members of society; and we must strive for peaceful development in the course of which China develops itself by safeguarding world peace and contributes to world peace by developing itself.
-We must always put people first. Serving the people wholeheartedly is the fundamental purpose of the Party, and its every endeavor is for the well-being of the people.We must always make sure that the aim and outcome of all the work of the Party and the state is to realize, safeguard and expand the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. We must respect the principal position of the people in the country's political life, give play to their creativity, protect their rights and interests, take the path of prosperity for all and promote their all-round development, to ensure that development is for the people, by the people and with the people sharing in its fruits.
-We must pursue comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development. In accordance with the overall arrangements for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, we will promote all-round economic, political, cultural and social development, coordinate all links and aspects of our modernization drive, and balance the relations of production with the productive forces and the superstructure with the economic base. We must adopt an enlightened approach to development that results in expanded production, a better life and sound ecological and environmental conditions, andbuild a resource-conserving and environment-friendly societythat coordinates growth rate with the economic structure, quality and efficiency, and harmonizes economic growth with the population, resources and the environment, so that our people will live and work under sound ecological and environmental conditions and our economy and society will develop in a sustainable way.
-We must persist in overall consideration. We need to correctly understand and handle the major relationships in the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics andbalance urban and rural development, development among regions, economic and social development,relations between man and nature, and domestic development and opening to the outside world.We must take into overall consideration the relationships between the central and local authorities, between personal and collective interests, between interests of the part and those of the whole, and between immediate and long-term interests, so as to fully arouse the initiative of all sides.We must take both the domestic and international situations into consideration, develop a global and strategic perspective, be good at seizing opportunities for development and coping with risks and challenges in a changing world, and work for a favorable international environment. While planning our work from an overall perspective, we need to work hard to make breakthroughs on the key issues that affect the overall situation and on the major problems that affect public interests.
To thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, we must always adhere to theParty's basic line of taking economic development as the central task and upholding the Four Cardinal Principles and the reform and opening up policy, known as "one central task and two basic points."As the lifeblood of the Party and the country, this basic line provides the political guarantee for scientific development. Taking economic development as the central task is vital to invigorating our nation and is the fundamental requirement for the robust growth and lasting stability of the Party and the nation. The Four Cardinal Principles are the very foundation for building our country and the political cornerstone for the survival and development of the Party and the nation. Reform and opening up are the path to a stronger China and the source of vitality for the Party and the nation in development and progress. We will continue to apply the line of "one central task and two basic points" in its entirety in our great endeavor to develop socialism with Chinese characteristics; we will never deviate from this line.
To thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, we must work energetically to build a harmonious socialist society. Social harmony is an essential attribute of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Scientific development and social harmony are integral to each other and neither is possible without the other.
三、深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀
在新的發(fā)展階段繼續(xù)全面建設(shè)小康社會、發(fā)展中國特色社會主義，必須堅(jiān)持以鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀。
科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，是對黨的三代中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)集體關(guān)于發(fā)展的重要思想的繼承和發(fā)展，是馬克思主義關(guān)于發(fā)展的世界觀和方法論的集中體現(xiàn)，是同馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想既一脈相承又與時俱進(jìn)的科學(xué)理論，是我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展的重要指導(dǎo)方針，是發(fā)展中國特色社會主義必須堅(jiān)持和貫徹的重大戰(zhàn)略思想。
科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，是立足社會主義初級階段基本國情，總結(jié)我國發(fā)展實(shí)踐，借鑒國外發(fā)展經(jīng)驗(yàn)，適應(yīng)新的發(fā)展要求提出來的。進(jìn)入新世紀(jì)新階段，我國發(fā)展呈現(xiàn)一系列新的階段性特征，主要是：經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力顯著增強(qiáng)，同時生產(chǎn)力水平總體上還不高，自主創(chuàng)新能力還不強(qiáng)，長期形成的結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾和粗放型增長方式尚未根本改變；社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制初步建立，同時影響發(fā)展的體制機(jī)制障礙依然存在，改革攻堅(jiān)面臨深層次矛盾和問題；人民生活總體上達(dá)到小康水平，同時收入分配差距拉大趨勢還未根本扭轉(zhuǎn)，城鄉(xiāng)貧困人口和低收入人口還有相當(dāng)數(shù)量，統(tǒng)籌兼顧各方面利益難度加大；協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展取得顯著成績，同時農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)薄弱、農(nóng)村發(fā)展滯后的局面尚未改變，縮小城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域發(fā)展差距和促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展任務(wù)艱巨；社會主義民主政治不斷發(fā)展、依法治國基本方略扎實(shí)貫徹，同時民主法制建設(shè)與擴(kuò)大人民民主和經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展的要求還不完全適應(yīng)，政治體制改革需要繼續(xù)深化；社會主義文化更加繁榮，同時人民精神文化需求日趨旺盛，人們思想活動的獨(dú)立性、選擇性、多變性、差異性明顯增強(qiáng)，對發(fā)展社會主義先進(jìn)文化提出了更高要求；社會活力顯著增強(qiáng)，同時社會結(jié)構(gòu)、社會組織形式、社會利益格局發(fā)生深刻變化，社會建設(shè)和管理面臨諸多新課題；對外開放日益擴(kuò)大，同時面臨的國際競爭日趨激烈，發(fā)達(dá)國家在經(jīng)濟(jì)科技上占優(yōu)勢的壓力長期存在，可以預(yù)見和難以預(yù)見的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增多，統(tǒng)籌國內(nèi)發(fā)展和對外開放要求更高。
這些情況表明，經(jīng)過新中國成立以來特別是改革開放以來的不懈努力，我國取得了舉世矚目的發(fā)展成就，從生產(chǎn)力到生產(chǎn)關(guān)系、從經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)到上層建筑都發(fā)生了意義深遠(yuǎn)的重大變化，但我國仍處于并將長期處于社會主義初級階段的基本國情沒有變，人民日益增長的物質(zhì)文化需要同落后的社會生產(chǎn)之間的矛盾這一社會主要矛盾沒有變。當(dāng)前我國發(fā)展的階段性特征，是社會主義初級階段基本國情在新世紀(jì)新階段的具體表現(xiàn)。強(qiáng)調(diào)認(rèn)清社會主義初級階段基本國情，不是要妄自菲薄、自甘落后，也不是要脫離實(shí)際、急于求成，而是要堅(jiān)持把它作為推進(jìn)改革、謀劃發(fā)展的根本依據(jù)。我們必須始終保持清醒頭腦，立足社會主義初級階段這個最大的實(shí)際，科學(xué)分析我國全面參與經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的新機(jī)遇新挑戰(zhàn)，全面認(rèn)識工業(yè)化、信息化、城鎮(zhèn)化、市場化、國際化深入發(fā)展的新形勢新任務(wù)，深刻把握我國發(fā)展面臨的新課題新矛盾，更加自覺地走科學(xué)發(fā)展道路，奮力開拓中國特色社會主義更為廣闊的發(fā)展前景。
科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，第一要義是發(fā)展，核心是以人為本，基本要求是全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)，根本方法是統(tǒng)籌兼顧。
——必須堅(jiān)持把發(fā)展作為黨執(zhí)政興國的第一要務(wù)。發(fā)展，對于全面建設(shè)小康社會、加快推進(jìn)社會主義現(xiàn)代化，具有決定性意義。要牢牢扭住經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)這個中心，堅(jiān)持聚精會神搞建設(shè)、一心一意謀發(fā)展，不斷解放和發(fā)展社會生產(chǎn)力。更好實(shí)施科教興國戰(zhàn)略、人才強(qiáng)國戰(zhàn)略、可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，著力把握發(fā)展規(guī)律、創(chuàng)新發(fā)展理念、轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式、破解發(fā)展難題，提高發(fā)展質(zhì)量和效益，實(shí)現(xiàn)又好又快發(fā)展，為發(fā)展中國特色社會主義打下堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。努力實(shí)現(xiàn)以人為本、全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)的科學(xué)發(fā)展，實(shí)現(xiàn)各方面事業(yè)有機(jī)統(tǒng)一、社會成員團(tuán)結(jié)和睦的和諧發(fā)展，實(shí)現(xiàn)既通過維護(hù)世界和平發(fā)展自己、又通過自身發(fā)展維護(hù)世界和平的和平發(fā)展。
——必須堅(jiān)持以人為本。全心全意為人民服務(wù)是黨的根本宗旨，黨的一切奮斗和工作都是為了造福人民。要始終把實(shí)現(xiàn)好、維護(hù)好、發(fā)展好最廣大人民的根本利益作為黨和國家一切工作的出發(fā)點(diǎn)和落腳點(diǎn)，尊重人民主體地位，發(fā)揮人民首創(chuàng)精神，保障人民各項(xiàng)權(quán)益，走共同富裕道路，促進(jìn)人的全面發(fā)展，做到發(fā)展為了人民、發(fā)展依靠人民、發(fā)展成果由人民共享。
——必須堅(jiān)持全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。要按照中國特色社會主義事業(yè)總體布局，全面推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會建設(shè)，促進(jìn)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)各個環(huán)節(jié)、各個方面相協(xié)調(diào)，促進(jìn)生產(chǎn)關(guān)系與生產(chǎn)力、上層建筑與經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)相協(xié)調(diào)。堅(jiān)持生產(chǎn)發(fā)展、生活富裕、生態(tài)良好的文明發(fā)展道路，建設(shè)資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型社會，實(shí)現(xiàn)速度和結(jié)構(gòu)質(zhì)量效益相統(tǒng)一、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與人口資源環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)，使人民在良好生態(tài)環(huán)境中生產(chǎn)生活，實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會永續(xù)發(fā)展。
——必須堅(jiān)持統(tǒng)籌兼顧。要正確認(rèn)識和妥善處理中國特色社會主義事業(yè)中的重大關(guān)系，統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展、區(qū)域發(fā)展、經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展、人與自然和諧發(fā)展、國內(nèi)發(fā)展和對外開放，統(tǒng)籌中央和地方關(guān)系，統(tǒng)籌個人利益和集體利益、局部利益和整體利益、當(dāng)前利益和長遠(yuǎn)利益，充分調(diào)動各方面積極性。統(tǒng)籌國內(nèi)國際兩個大局，樹立世界眼光，加強(qiáng)戰(zhàn)略思維，善于從國際形勢發(fā)展變化中把握發(fā)展機(jī)遇、應(yīng)對風(fēng)險(xiǎn)挑戰(zhàn)，營造良好國際環(huán)境。既要總攬全局、統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃，又要抓住牽動全局的主要工作、事關(guān)群眾利益的突出問題，著力推進(jìn)、重點(diǎn)突破。
深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，要求我們始終堅(jiān)持“一個中心、兩個基本點(diǎn)”的基本路線。黨的基本路線是黨和國家的生命線，是實(shí)現(xiàn)科學(xué)發(fā)展的政治保證。以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心是興國之要，是我們黨、我們國家興旺發(fā)達(dá)和長治久安的根本要求；四項(xiàng)基本原則是立國之本，是我們黨、我們國家生存發(fā)展的政治基石；改革開放是強(qiáng)國之路，是我們黨、我們國家發(fā)展進(jìn)步的活力源泉。要堅(jiān)持把以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心同四項(xiàng)基本原則、改革開放這兩個基本點(diǎn)統(tǒng)一于發(fā)展中國特色社會主義的偉大實(shí)踐，任何時候都決不能動搖。
深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，要求我們積極構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會。社會和諧是中國特色社會主義的本質(zhì)屬性。科學(xué)發(fā)展和社會和諧是內(nèi)在統(tǒng)一的。沒有科學(xué)發(fā)展就沒有社會和諧，沒有社會和諧也難以實(shí)現(xiàn)科學(xué)發(fā)展。構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會是貫穿中國特色社會主義事業(yè)全過程的長期歷史任務(wù)，是在發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)上正確處理各種社會矛盾的歷史過程和社會結(jié)果。要通過發(fā)展增加社會物質(zhì)財(cái)富、不斷改善人民生活，又要通過發(fā)展保障社會公平正義、不斷促進(jìn)社會和諧。實(shí)現(xiàn)社會公平正義是中國共產(chǎn)黨人的一貫主張，是發(fā)展中國特色社會主義的重大任務(wù)。要按照民主法治、公平正義、誠信友愛、充滿活力、安定有序、人與自然和諧相處的總要求和共同建設(shè)、共同享有的原則，著力解決人民最關(guān)心、最直接、最現(xiàn)實(shí)的利益問題，努力形成全體人民各盡其能、各得其所而又和諧相處的局面，為發(fā)展提供良好社會環(huán)境。
深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，要求我們繼續(xù)深化改革開放。要把改革創(chuàng)新精神貫徹到治國理政各個環(huán)節(jié)，毫不動搖地堅(jiān)持改革方向，提高改革決策的科學(xué)性，增強(qiáng)改革措施的協(xié)調(diào)性。要完善社會主義市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制，推進(jìn)各方面體制改革創(chuàng)新，加快重要領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)改革步伐，全面提高開放水平，著力構(gòu)建充滿活力、富有效率、更加開放、有利于科學(xué)發(fā)展的體制機(jī)制，為發(fā)展中國特色社會主義提供強(qiáng)大動力和體制保障。要堅(jiān)持把改善人民生活作為正確處理改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定關(guān)系的結(jié)合點(diǎn)，使改革始終得到人民擁護(hù)和支持。
深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，要求我們切實(shí)加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)黨的建設(shè)。要站在完成黨執(zhí)政興國使命的高度，把提高黨的執(zhí)政能力、保持和發(fā)展黨的先進(jìn)性，體現(xiàn)到領(lǐng)導(dǎo)科學(xué)發(fā)展、促進(jìn)社會和諧上來，落實(shí)到引領(lǐng)中國發(fā)展進(jìn)步、更好代表和實(shí)現(xiàn)最廣大人民的根本利益上來，使黨的工作和黨的建設(shè)更加符合科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的要求，為科學(xué)發(fā)展提供可靠的政治和組織保障。
全黨同志要全面把握科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的科學(xué)內(nèi)涵和精神實(shí)質(zhì)，增強(qiáng)貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的自覺性和堅(jiān)定性，著力轉(zhuǎn)變不適應(yīng)不符合科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的思想觀念，著力解決影響和制約科學(xué)發(fā)展的突出問題，把全社會的發(fā)展積極性引導(dǎo)到科學(xué)發(fā)展上來，把科學(xué)發(fā)展觀貫徹落實(shí)到經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展各個方面。
