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Iraqi Sunnis set to resume constitution talks
Sunni Arab leaders showed no sign of compromise Tuesday as they prepared to resume talks in yet another bid by the Shiite-led government to win approval of Iraq's new constitution. The U.S. ambassador said every effort must be made to win Sunni agreement, but the chairman of the drafting committee doubted that differences could be resolved quickly and suggested parliament might submit the current draft to voters. Failure to win over the once-dominant minority would undercut the U.S. strategy of using the constitution to lure Sunni Arabs from the Sunni-dominated insurgency so American and other foreign troops could start to go home. Representatives of the major factions — Shiites, Kurds and Sunnis — scheduled negotiations for Wednesday morning in the heavily guarded Green Zone after Sunnis angrily rejected the draft presented to parliament Monday only minutes before the midnight deadline. Sunni negotiators opposed several parts of the draft, including federalism, references to Saddam Hussein's Sunni-led Baath Party and the description of Iraq as an Islamic — but not Arab — country. Parliament put off a vote on the document for three days to try to win over Sunnis.
"The sticking points are related to the identity of Iraq, federalism, power-sharing and purifying the constitution of any mention of sectarianism," said the Iraqi Islamic Party, which has roots in the fundamentalist Muslim Brotherhood. "If the wording is not re-examined in a way that serves the interests of the country and ensures equality for everybody, then this draft is considered as rejected, as a whole and in details." Saleh al-Mutlaq, one of four principal Sunni negotiators, also complained on Al-Jazeera television that the draft was sent to parliament without consensus. "This procedure was illegal," he said. With the Sunnis digging in their heels, the chairman of the 71-member committee that drafted the constitution said three days were not enough to resolve Sunni objections. He said the draft might have to be approved by the Shiite- and Kurdish-dominated parliament as is and taken to the people in a referendum Oct. 15.
"Those who are representing the brother Sunni Arabs are not elected," Hammoudi said. "Therefore, who can say that they really represent the people on the street ... therefore, the Sunnis have to express their opinion" in the referendum. In Idaho, where he is vacationing, President Bush said Sunni Arabs faced a choice: "Do they want to live in a society that's free?" But U.S. Ambassador Zalmay Khalilzad urged Shiites and Kurds to reach out to Sunni Arabs, who make up about 20 percent of Iraq's population. "This is not the time to achieve all that one can at the expense of others," Khalilzad told reporters, urging political leaders "to build the new Iraq on new principles." Prime Minister Ibrahim al-Jaafari, a Shiite, appeared to make an overture to Sunni Arabs, promising to study the reservations of "some of the political groups" to the draft charter and expressing hope Sunnis would win more seats in national elections planned for December. "Our Sunni Arab brothers faced some circumstances in the past that prevented them from having real representation (in parliament) in what is equal to their demography," al-Jaafari told reporters. "We hope that in the future they will be better represented." A U.S. soldier, an American contract worker and five Iraqis were killed Tuesday by a suicide bomber in Baqouba, 35 miles northeast of Baghdad, the U.S. military said. The blast at the Diyala Provincial Joint Coordination Center also wounded nine American soldiers, a U.S. contract worker, six Iraqi civilians and four police officers, the statement said. A U.S. Marine died Monday when a roadside bomb exploded near his vehicle near the troubled city of Fallujah, the military announced. At least 1,872 U.S. military personnel have died since the Iraq war started in March 2003, according to an Associated Press count. Defense Secretary Donald H. Rumsfeld told Pentagon reporters that the U.S. military expected more insurgent attacks as Iraqis finalize their constitution. Steamrolling the Sunnis could risk a backlash in Arab nations and the wider Muslim world. About 60 percent of Iraqis are Shiite Muslims, but Sunnism is the prevailing strain of Islam. In a statement Tuesday, the Organization of the Islamic Conference, which includes all Muslim countries, urged Iraqis to produce a constitution with "consensus" — meaning Sunni approval. The statement called for a charter that opens "new horizons for happiness and prosperity" instead of "sowing the seeds of future internal disagreements and conflicts."
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