White paper published on China's rule of law
Updated: 2008-02-28 18:45
Appendix: List of Current Effective Laws of the People's Republic of China (229)
I. Constitution and the Constitution-related Legislation (39)
1. Constitution of the People's Republic of China (1982)
Amendments to the Constitution of the People's Republic of China (1988)
Amendments to the Constitution of the People's Republic of China (1993)
Amendments to the Constitution of the People's Republic of China (1999)
Amendments to the Constitution of the People's Republic of China (2004)
2. Organic Regulations of Urban Sub-district Offices (1954)
3. Organic Law of the People's Republic of China on the Local People's Congresses and Local People's Governments (1979, revised respectively in 1982, 1986, 1995 and 2004)
4. Electoral Law of the People's Republic of China on the National People's Congress and the Local People's Congresses (1979, revised respectively in 1982, 1986, 1995 and 2004)
5. Organic Law of the People's Courts of the People's Republic of China (1979, revised respectively in 1983, 1986 and 2006)
6. Organic Law of the People's Procuratorates of the People's Republic of China (1979, revised respectively in 1983 and 1986)
7. Nationality Law of the People's Republic of China (1980)
8. Organic Law of the People's Republic of China on the National People's Congress (1982)
9. Organic Law of the People's Republic of China on the State Council (1982)
10. Provisions of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on the Direct Election of Deputies to People's Congresses at or below the County Level (1983)
11. Law of the People's Republic of China on Regional Ethnic Autonomy (1984, revised in 2001)
12. Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on the Establishment of Maritime Courts in Coastal Port Cities (1984)
13. Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Diplomatic Privileges and Immunities (1986)
14. Rules of Procedures of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China (1987)
15. Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress Approving the "Provisions on Conferring Honorary Medals of the People's Liberation Army on Retired Officers Who Joined the Army before the Founding of New China for Their Meritorious Service" (1988)
Annex: Provisions on Conferring Honorary Medals of the People's Liberation Army on Retired Officers Who Joined the Army before the Founding of New China for Their Meritorious Service
16. Rules of Procedures of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China (1989)
17. Law of the People's Republic of China on Assemblies, Processions and Demonstrations (1989)
18. Organic Law of the People's Republic of China on Urban Neighborhood Committees (1989)
19. The Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (1990)
Annex I: Method for the Selection of the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
Annex II: Method for the Formation of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Its Voting Procedures
Annex III: National Laws to Be Applied in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
20. Law of the People's Republic of China on the National Flag (1990)
21. Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Consular Privileges and Immunities (1990)
22. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Procedure of the Conclusion of Treaties (1990)
23. Law of the People's Republic of China on the National Emblem (1991)
24. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zones (1992)
25. Law of the People's Republic of China on Deputation to the National People's Congress and the Local People's Congresses at Various Levels (1992)
26. The Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (1993)
Annex I: Method for the Selection of the Chief Executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region
Annex II: Method for the Formation of the Legislative Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region
Annex III: National Laws to Be Applied in the Macao Special Administrative Region
27. State Compensation Law of the People's Republic of China (1994)
28. Judges Law of the People's Republic of China (1995, revised in 2001)
29. Public Procurators Law of the People's Republic of China (1995, revised in 2001)
30. Martial Law of the People's Republic of China (1996)
31. Electoral Measures on Deputation of the People's Liberation Army to the National People's Congress and the Local People's Congresses at the County and Above Levels (1981, revised and changed to the current title in 1996)
32. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Garrisoning of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (1996)
33. Law of the People's Republic of China on Exclusive Economic Zones and Continental Shelves (1998)
34. Organic Law of the People's Republic of China on Villagers Committees (1998)
35. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Garrisoning of the Macao Special Administrative Region (1999)
36. Legislation Law of the People's Republic of China (2000)
37. Anti-secession Law (2005)
38. Law of the People's Republic of China on Immunity of Judicial Enforcement of Assets of Central Banks of Foreign Countries (2005)
39. Supervision Law of the Standing Committees of the People's Congresses at All Levels of the People's Republic of China (2006)
II. Civil and Commercial Legislation (32)
1. Law of the People's Republic of China on Chinese-Foreign Equity Joint Ventures (1979, revised respectively in 1990 and 2001)
2. Marriage Law of the People's Republic of China (1980, revised in 2001)
3. Trademark Law of the People's Republic of China (1982, revised respectively in 1993 and 2001)
4. Patent Law of the People's Republic of China (1984, revised respectively in 1992 and 2000)
5. Succession Law of the People's Republic of China (1985)
6. General Principles of the Civil Law of the People's Republic of China (1986)
7. Law of the People's Republic of China on Enterprises with Foreign Investment (1986, revised in 2000)
8. Law of the People's Republic of China on Industrial Enterprises Owned by the Whole People (1988)
9. Law of the People's Republic of China on Chinese-Foreign Cooperative Joint Ventures (1988, revised in 2002)
10. Copyright Law of the People's Republic of China (1990, revised in 2001)
11. Adoption Law of the People's Republic of China (1991, revised in 1998)
12. Maritime Law of the People's Republic of China (1992)
13. Law of the People's Republic of China for Countering Unfair Competition (1993)
14. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Rights and Interests of Consumers (1993)
15. Company Law of the People's Republic of China (1993, revised respectively in 1999, 2004 and 2005)
16. Law of the People's Republic of China on Commercial Banks (1995, revised in 2003)
17. Law of the People's Republic of China on Negotiable Instruments (1995, revised in 2004)
18. Security Law of the People's Republic of China (1995)
19. Insurance Law of the People's Republic of China (1995, revised in 2002)
20. Auction Law of the People's Republic of China (1996, revised in 2004)
21. Partnership Law of the People's Republic of China (1997, revised in 2006)
22. Securities Law of the People's Republic of China (1998, revised respectively in 2004 and 2005)
23. Contract Law of the People's Republic of China (1999)
24. Law of the People's Republic of China on Enterprises Wholly Owned by Individuals (1999)
25. Law of the People's Republic of China on Invitation and Submission of Bids (1999)
26. Trust Law of the People's Republic of China (2001)
27. Law of the People's Republic of China on Land Contracting in Rural Areas (2002)
28. Law of the People's Republic of China on Securities Investment Funds (2003)
29. Law of the People's Republic of China on Electronic Signature (2004)
30. Law of the People's Republic of China on Enterprise Bankruptcy (2006)
31. Law of the People's Republic of China on Farmers Specialized Cooperatives (2006)
32. Property Rights Law of the People's Republic of China (2007)
III. Administrative Legislation (79)
1. Organic Regulations on Police Stations (1954)
2. Resolution of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress Approving the "Decision of the State Council on the Issue of Rehabilitation Through Labor" (1957)
Annex: Decision of the State Council on the Issue of Rehabilitation Through Labor
3. Resolution of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress Approving the "Measures of the State Council on the Establishment of Schools with Donations of Overseas Chinese" (1957)
Annex: Measures of the State Council on the Establishment of Schools with Donations of Overseas Chinese
4. Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Residence Registration (1958)
5. Resolution of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress Approving the "Interim Measures of the State Council on Settlement of Cadres Who Are Old, Weak, Sick or Disabled" (1978)
Annex: Interim Measures of the State Council on Settlement of Cadres Who Are Old, Weak, Sick or Disabled
6. Resolution of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress Approving the "Supplementary Provisions of the State Council on Rehabilitation Through Labor" (1979)
Annex: Supplementary Provisions of the State Council on Rehabilitation Through Labor
7. Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Academic Degrees (1980, revised in 2004)
8. Resolution of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress Approving the "Interim Provisions of the State Council for Veteran Cadres to Leave Their Posts for Retirement" (1980)
Annex: Interim Provisions of the State Council for Veteran Cadres to Leave Their Posts for Retirement
9. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Maritime Environment (1982, revised in 1999)
10. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics (1982, revised respectively in 1991, 2002 and 2007)
11. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution (1984, revised respectively in 1996 and 2008)
12. Military Service Law of the People's Republic of China (1984, revised in 1998)
13. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Pharmaceuticals (1984, revised in 2001)
14. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Control of the Entry and Exit of Aliens (1985)
15. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Control of the Entry and Exit of Citizens (1985)
16. Law of the People's Republic of China on Compulsory Education (1986, revised in 2006)
17. Law of the People's Republic of China on Frontier Health and Quarantine (1986, revised in 2007)
18. Customs Law of the People's Republic of China (1987, revised in 2000)
19. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution (1987, revised respectively in 1995 and 2000)
20. Archives Law of the People's Republic of China (1987, revised in 1996)
21. Regulations of the Military Ranks of Officers of the People's Liberation Army (1988, revised in 1994)
22. Law of the People's Republic of China on Keeping Confidentiality of State Secrets (1988)
23. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Wildlife (1988, revised in 2004)
24. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases (1989, revised in 2004)
25. Law of the People's Republic of China on Environmental Protection (1989)
26. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Military Installations (1990)
27. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Rights and Interests of Returned Overseas Chinese and Their Relatives (1990, revised in 2000)
28. Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Policemen Ranks of the People's Police (1992)
29. Law of the People's Republic of China on Surveying and Mapping (1992, revised in 2002)
30. Law of the People's Republic of China on State Security (1993)
31. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Progress of Science and Technology (1993, revised in 2007)
32. Teachers Law of the People's Republic of China (1993)
33. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Urban Real Estate (1994, revised in 2007)
34. Law of the People's Republic of China on Maternal and Infant Health Care (1994)
35. Prison Law of the People's Republic of China (1994)
36. Law of the People's Republic of China on People's Police (1995)
37. Education Law of the People's Republic of China (1995)
38. Law of the People's Republic of China on Military Officers on Reserve Service (1995)
39. Law of the People's Republic of China on Physical Culture and Sports (1995)
40. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Solid Waste Pollution (1995, revised in 2004)
41. Law of the People's Republic of China on Food Hygiene (1995)
42. Law of the People's Republic of China on Administrative Penalties (1996)
43. Lawyers Law of the People's Republic of China (1996, revised respectively in 2001 and 2007)
44. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Promotion of Application of Scientific and Technological Achievements (1996)
45. Law of the People's Republic of China on Vocational Education (1996)
46. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Control of Firearms (1996)
47. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Ambient Noise Pollution (1996)
48. Law of the People's Republic of China on People's Air Defense (1996)
49. Law of the People's Republic of China on National Defense (1997)
50. Law of the People's Republic of China on Administrative Supervision (1997)
51. Construction Law of the People's Republic of China (1997)
52. Law of the People's Republic of China on Blood Donation (1997)
53. Law of the People's Republic of China on Precautions Against Earthquake and Relief of Disaster (1997)
54. Law of the People's Republic of China on Fire Prevention and Control (1998)
55. Law of the People's Republic of China on Medical Practitioners (1998)
56. Law of the People's Republic of China on Higher Education (1998)
57. Law of the People's Republic of China on Administrative Review (1999)
58. Meteorology Law of the People's Republic of China (1999)
59. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Standard Spoken and Written Chinese Language (2000)
60. Law of the People's Republic of China on Military Officers on Service (1988, revised respectively in 1994 and 2000, and changed to the current title)
61. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Education of National Defense (2001)
62. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Desertification (2001)
63. Law of the People's Republic of China on Population and Family Planning (2001)
64. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Popularization of Science and Technology (2002)
65. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Promotion of Clean Production (2002)
66. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Assessment of Environmental Affects (2002)
67. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Promotion of Education Run by Non-governmental Entities and Individuals (2002)
68. Law of the People's Republic of China on Ranks of Customs Officers (2003)
69. Law of the People's Republic of China on Residents' Identification Cards (2003)
70. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Radioactive Pollution (2003)
71. Law of the People's Republic of China on Administrative Licensing (2003)
72. Law of the People's Republic of China on Road Traffic Safety (2003, revised in 2007)
73. Law of the People's Republic of China on Civil Servants (2005)
74. Law of the People's Republic of China on Punishments in Public Order and Security Administration (2005)
75. Notarization Law of the People's Republic of China (2005)
76. Passport Law of the People's Republic of China (2006)
77. Law of the People's Republic of China on Emergency Responses (2007)
78. Law of the People's Republic of China on Urban and Rural Planning (2007)
79. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prohibition of Narcotics (2007)
IV. Economic Legislation (54)
1. Regulations on Application for Use of the State-owned Wasteland and Barren Hills by Overseas Chinese (1955)
2. Resolution of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress Approving the "Regulations on Special Economic Zones in Guangdong Province" (1980)
Annex: Regulations on Special Economic Zones in Guangdong Province
3. Law of the People's Republic of China on Individual Income Tax (1980, revised respectively in 1993, 1999, 2005 and twice in 2007)
4. Law of the People's Republic of China on Maritime Traffic Safety (1983)
5. Statistics Law of the People's Republic of China (1983, revised in 1996)
6. Forestry Law of the People's Republic of China (1984, revised in 1998)
7. Accounting Law of the People's Republic of China (1985, revised respectively in 1993 and 1999)
8. Grassland Law of the People's Republic of China (1985, revised in 2002)
9. Metrology Law of the People's Republic of China (1985)
10. Fishery Law of the People's Republic of China (1986, revised respectively in 2000 and 2004)
11. Law of the People's Republic of China on Mineral Resources (1986, revised in 1996)
12. Law of the People's Republic of China on Land Administration (1986, revised respectively in 1988, 1998 and 2004)
13. Postal Law of the People's Republic of China (1986)
14. Water Law of the People's Republic of China (1988, revised in 2002)
15. Standardization Law of the People's Republic of China (1988)
16. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Inspection of Import and Export Commodities (1989, revised in 2002)
17. Railway Law of the People's Republic of China (1990)
18. Law of the People's Republic of China on Tobacco Monopoly (1991)
19. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Conservation of Water and Top Soil (1991)
20. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Entry and Exit Animal and Plant Quarantine (1991)
21. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Tax Collection (1992, revised respectively in 1995 and 2001)
22. Law of the People's Republic of China on Product Quality (1993, revised in 2000)
23. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Popularization of Agricultural Technology (1993)
24. Agriculture Law of the People's Republic of China (1993, revised in 2002)
25. Law of the People's Republic of China on Certified Public Accountants (1993)
26. Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress Regarding the Application of Provisional Regulations on Such Taxes as Value-added Tax, Consumption Tax and Business Tax to Enterprises with Foreign Investment and Foreign Enterprises (1993)
27. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Investment by Taiwan Compatriots (1994)
28. Budget Law of the People's Republic of China (1994)
29. Law of the People's Republic of China on Foreign Trade (1994, revised in 2004)
30. Auditing Law of the People's Republic of China (1994, revised in 2006)
31. Advertisement Law of the People's Republic of China (1994)
32. Law of the People's Republic of China on the People's Bank of China (1995, revised in 2003)
33. Law of the People's Republic of China on Civil Aviation (1995)
34. Law of the People's Republic of China on Electric Power (1995)
35. Coal Law of the People's Republic of China (1996)
36. Law of the People's Republic of China on Township Enterprises (1996)
37. Highway Law of the People's Republic of China (1997, revised respectively in 1999 and 2004)
38. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Epidemic Prevention of Animals (1997, revised in 2007)
39. Law of the People's Republic of China on Flood Control (1997)
40. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Conservation of Energy Resources (1997, revised in 2007)
41. Pricing Law of the People's Republic of China (1997)
42. Seeds Law of the People's Republic of China (2000, revised in 2004)
43. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Use of Sea Areas (2001)
44. Law of the People's Republic of China on Government Procurement (2002)
45. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Promotion of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (2002)
46. Port Law of the People's Republic of China (2003)
47. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Administration of Banking Supervision (2003, revised in 2006)
48. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Promotion of Agricultural Mechanization (2004)
49. Law of the People's Republic of China on Renewable Energy (2005)
50. Law of the People's Republic of China on Animal Husbandry (2005)
51. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products (2006)
52. Law of the People's Republic of China on Anti-money Laundering (2006)
53. Law of the People's Republic of China on Enterprise Income Tax (2007)
54. Anti-monopoly Law of the People's Republic of China (2007)
V. Legislation for the Public (17)
1. Resolution of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress Approving the "Interim Measures of the State Council on the Workers' Retirement and Leaving of Posts" (1978)
Annex: Interim Measures of the State Council on the Workers' Retirement and Leaving of Posts
2. Resolution of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress Approving the "Provisions of the State Council on Home Visit Subsidies" (1981)
Annex: Provisions of the State Council on Home Visit Subsidies
3. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of the Disabled (1990)
4. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Minors (1991, revised in 2006)
5. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Trade Union (1992, revised in 2001)
6. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Guarantee of the Rights and Interests of Women (1992, revised in 2005)
7. Law of the People's Republic of China on Safety in Mines (1992)
8. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Red Cross (1993)
9. Labor Law of the People's Republic of China (1994)
10. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Guarantee of the Rights and Interests of the Elderly (1996)
11. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention of Crimes Committed by Minors (1999)
12. Law of the People's Republic of China on Donations for the Public Good (1999)
13. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Diseases (2001)
14. Law of the People's Republic of China on Production Safety (2002)
15. Law of the People's Republic of China on Labor Contracts (2007)
16. Law of the People's Republic of China on the Promotion of Employment (2007)
17. Law of the People's Republic of China on Labor Dispute Mediation and Arbitration (2007)
VI. Criminal Legislation (1)
Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China (1979, revised in 1997)
Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress Regarding the Punishment of Fraudulent Purchase of Foreign Exchanges, Evasion of Foreign Exchange Control and Illegal Purchase and Sale of Foreign Exchanges (1998)
Amendments to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China (1999)
Amendments to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China (2) (2001)
Amendments to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China (3) (2001)
Amendments to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China (4) (2002)
Amendments to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China (5) (2005)
Amendments to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China (6) (2006)
VII. Litigation and Non-litigation Procedural Legislation (7)
1. Criminal Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China (1979, revised in 1996)
2. Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress Regarding Exercising Criminal Jurisdiction over the Crimes Prescribed in the International Treaties to Which the People's Republic of China Has Acceded or Is a Party (1987)
3. Administrative Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China (1989)
4. Civil Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China (1991, revised in 2007)
5. Arbitration Law of the People's Republic of China (1994)
6. Law of the People's Republic of China on Special Procedures Concerning Maritime Litigations (1999)
7. Extradition Law of the People's Republic of China (2000)
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