As China's first UNESCO World Cultural and Natural Heritage Site listed in 1987, Taishan Mountain is home to 18,195 ancient trees across 39 species. Among these are 23 individual trees that hold the rare distinction of being listed as World Heritage elements, serving as living monuments to China's ecological and cultural legacy.

A key element to the preservation of the mountain's ancient trees has been human devotion spanning generations. For decades, dedicated people in the local community have worked to protect these living monuments, ensuring that each of the mountain's ancient trees receives the care it needs to thrive for centuries more.

In recent years, the scenic area's committee has established a comprehensive and scientifically driven management system, which has transformed the mountain into a global model for conserving heritage trees.

The management system aims to ensure light penetration through the canopy, optimal airflow around the trunk, and efficient oxygen in the root zone through loose and porous soil, said Shen Weixing, director of the committee's heritage protection department.

"We also need to pay detailed attention to the trunk and roots, as well as control pests and diseases and prevent fire," he said.

"This system optimizes the trees' growing conditions — balancing soil nutrients, water, air and light — so they can live longer and healthier," he said, adding that each tree has its own unique needs.