Breast cancer treatment often presents difficult choices and questions for patients, including whether to undergo a mastectomy or opt for reconstruction, and how to regain a sense of femininity.

"Breasts are not just another organ; they are a defining feature of femininity and have a profound impact on women," said Xie Li, an attending physician at the Breast Surgery Department of Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shenzhen Center in Guangdong province.

She shared the stories of two patients whose experiences highlight the importance of timely medical intervention, patient autonomy and confidence that breast reconstruction can provide.

Xie met Hua Hua (pseudonym) a year and a half ago, after she was diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer.

Initially, Hua Hua could have had tumor removal surgery, possibly avoiding chemotherapy and preserving her breast. However, her family's conservative beliefs led them to choose traditional remedies.

For six months, Hua Hua tried various treatments, including acupuncture, herbal fumigation and "secret recipes", only to see her tumor grow.

When she returned to the hospital, tests showed the cancer had progressed to a locally advanced stage with lymph node metastasis.

Xie said the tumor had nearly consumed her breast, and the odor of decaying tissue was overpowering.

Faced with a life-threatening situation, Hua Hua wanted surgery. After two rounds of chemotherapy, which reduced the tumor size, she asked if surgery was still needed. Xie said it was essential to prevent future metastasis.

Ultimately, Hua Hua had a mastectomy followed by DIEP flap reconstruction, where tissue from her abdomen was used to reconstruct her breast.

This decision, supported by her family after extensive communication, led to a successful outcome. Hua Hua now feels more confident.

DIEP, or Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator, refers to the blood vessels used in the procedure. This reconstruction technique uses skin and fat from the lower abdomen to create a new breast, offering a natural look and feel.

In contrast, another patient, Ling, had a mastectomy several years ago at another hospital without being told about breast reconstruction. She lived with a heavy and uncomfortable prosthesis, feeling incomplete.

Learning about the expertise in breast reconstruction at the Shenzhen hospital, she decided to pursue the surgery despite her family's opposition. Her mother supported her decision, saying she should live for herself, and signed the required document.

Ling underwent successful reconstruction. "I finally felt that I have been cured and was no longer self-conscious," she said.

Xie often reassures hesitant patients: "Your body and your life are yours. Life is precious and must be cherished."