Many “problems” the investigation report has found actually do not constitute infringement upon multilateral or bilateral trade agreements, or relevant state laws and rules.

An obvious fallacy of the Section 301 investigation report is that it has equated the industrial development plan with industrial policies. The Made in China 2025, National Mid- and Long-Term Science and Technology Development Plan Summary (2006-20), and National Innovation-Driven Development Strategy Outline are all developmental planning that serve only as visionary guidelines. Yet the report has wrongly characterized them as important industrial policies. The investigators turn a blind eye, if not intentionally, to the differences between planning and policies in terms of effects.

Made in China 2025 is market-oriented, open and inclusive strategic planning. It lets the market play decisive roles in allocating resources. It reflects the concepts of innovation, intelligence, green and sustainability. And it upholds the principles of openness, cooperation, mutual benefits and win-win results.

The Chinese government has stressed, on many occasions, the openness and inclusiveness of Made in China 2025, which treats Chinese and foreign enterprises equally without discrimination. It has been a constant stance of China to welcome foreign enterprises to take part in the development of manufacturing industries in China while enjoying the bonus of growth.